Module 1-2

Question 1

A health science discipline in which the pharmacies provide patient care that optimizes medication therapy and promotes health wellness and disease prevention.
The practice of clinical pharmacy in braces to philosophy of pharmaceutical care

Answer 1

Clinical pharmacy

Question 2

The responsible provision of drug therapy for the purpose of achieving a definite outcomes that improve a patient’s quality of life

Answer 2

Pharmaceutical care

Question 3

Systematic and comprehensive method for interacting with patients.
This may vary depending on the purpose and goals of the health care providers

Answer 3

Patient care process

Question 4

The primary purpose of the pharmacist in the patient care process is to…

Answer 4

Identify solve and prevent drug therapy problems

Question 5

Any undesirable event experienced by a patient which involves or a suspected to involved drug therapy and that interferes with achieving the desired goals of therapy and requires professional judgment to resolve

Answer 5

Drug therapy problem

Question 6

Categories of medication-related problems:

Answer 6

Untreated indication
Treatment without indication
Improper drug selection
Too little drug
Too much drug
Non adherence
ADR
Drug interaction

Question 7

Pharmacies patient care process:

Answer 7

Assessment of the patient’s drug-related needs
Creation of a care plan to meet those needs
Follow-up evaluation to determine whether the positive outcomes were achieved

Question 8

Elements of a care plan:

Answer 8

Medical condition
Drug therapy problems
Goals of therapy
Interventions
Follow up plan

Question 9

therapeutic goals achieved for acute condition, discontinue therapy.

Answer 9

Resolved

Question 10

Therapeutic goals achieved, continue the same therapy for chronic disease management

Answer 10

Stable

Question 11

Progress is being made in achieving goals, continue the same therapy because more time is required to assess the full benefit after a few

Answer 11

Improved

Question 12

Progress is being made, that minor adjustments in term of the are required to fully achieve the therapeutic goals before assessment

Answer 12

Partial improvement

Question 13

Little or no progress has been made, but continue the same therapy to allow additional time for benefit to be observed

Answer 13

Unimproved

Question 14

A decline in health is observed despite an attic attrition using the optimal drug modifying drug therapy (e.g. increase the current medications add a second agent with additive or synergistic effects)

Answer 14

Worsened

Question 15

Therapeutic goals have not been achieved despite an addict a tools and duration of therapy discontinue current medications and start new therapy

Answer 15

Failure

Question 16

The patient died while receiving drug therapy document possible contributing factors especially if they may be drug related

Answer 16

Expired

Question 17

The service or group of services that optimize therapeutic outcomes for individual patients.
Provided to help patients get the best benefit from their medications.
Important to improve health outcomes.

Answer 17

Medication Therapy Management

Question 18

Physical aspects of MTM:

Answer 18

Patient self care
Medication reconciliation

Question 19

Requires the patient to take responsibility for the ailments; what the patient performs in between visits.

Answer 19

Patient self-care

Question 20

Comprehensive evaluation of a patient’s medication regimen anytime there is a change in therapy to avoid medication errors and to observe compliance and adherence.
Involves comparing previous and current medications and should occur at every transition of care

Answer 20

Medication reconciliation

Question 21

It gives the measurement of the body is degree of heat.
Measured using oral thermometer, a temperature-sensitive crystal, thermal scanner, thermistor on pulmonary artery catheter, etc.
Areas of assessment are oral cavity rectum accelya armpit in ear.
monitor patient response to drug therapy

Answer 21

Body temperature

Question 22

Determine the heart rate, the intensity of the poles and the regularity of the pulse.
Frequent the contraction of your heart by counting the pulse in 15 secs and x by 4

Answer 22

Pulse rate

Question 23

Breathing pattern, breaths per minute
Additional muscles to breathe
Discreetly monitor the patient’s respiration
No the respiratory breaths per minute and the breathing pattern

Answer 23

Respiration rate

Question 24

Monitors territorial pressure while the heart is popping
Regular physical examination that is done by using a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope
Includes listening to korotkoff sound or tapping sound

Answer 24

Blood pressure

Question 25

Determined by pulse rate
Measure beats of heart per minute

Answer 25

Heart rate

Question 26

Can be measured using pulse oximetry.
An estimate of the quantity of oxygen incorporated into blood

Answer 26

Oxygen saturation

Question 27

It is done by catheter inserted into the blood vessel to administer radiopaque material.
A radiographic examination that assesses the blood vessels and circulation
Requested if patient may manifest and gina blood vessel issues within born heart defect

Answer 27

Angiography

Question 28

A removal and evaluation of tissue
This is requested if the patient manifest cancer in certain areas of the body
Examples are needle biopsy bone biopsy aspiration biopsy surgical biopsy etc.
Results will vary depending on what does your doctor required you to

Answer 28

Biopsy

Question 29

Produces precise section x-ray images using a computerized x-ray system
Why do doctors request CT scan; is the patient has bone fracture infections cancer or tumors and to confirm if a certain treatment is working
Abnormal results: tumor, blood clot, fractures

Answer 29

Computed tomography CT scan

Question 30

Uses ultrasound technology to detect frequency changes brought on by moving objects
Used to assess heart and peripheral circulation blood flow velocities
Requested if the patient: had a stroke, under medication for a blood flow disorder, shortness of breath, fatigue, feeling cold and numbness in your lower leg or foot
Abnormal results: blood clot in arteries, narrow blood vessel, aneurysm

Answer 30

Doppler echography

Question 31

Use for inspecting hollow cavities like canals
A flexible or rigid to be the camera and light source known as an endoscope is inserted into a body orifice
Requested is a patient manifest: inflammatory, bowel disease, stomach ulcer, chronic constipation, pancreatitis, gallstones, blood in urine

Answer 31

Endoscopy

Question 32

Provides real-time visualization of processes using the fluoroscope
Determining the cost of a healthy feel like heart for intestinal disease
Guide procedures like orthopedic surgery, injections and implants
Types of fluoroscopies include: fluoroscopic enteroclysis (evaluates small intestine), barium swallow (evaluates esophagus), fluoroscopic defecography (evaluates rectum), fluoroscopic IVP (evaluates urinary tract), etc.

Answer 32

Fluoroscopy