Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Addictions > CH 2 Bio of Desire > Flashcards

CH 2 Bio of Desire Flashcards

1
Q

What is the reward centre

A

A conglomerate of distinct cell assemblies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are examples of rewards

A

Peaches, money, power, drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the irrationality of addiction show about the brain

A

That it is human, not diseased. Irrationality is an essential feature of being human

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What distinguishes mammalian brains

A

They live in complex environments and lean to adapt to the complexities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What structures are included in the limbic system

A

Amygdala, hippocampus, striatum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What role does the limbic system serve

A

emotion, memory, goal pursuit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Permanence

A

The way brain patterns settle into place so that the past can shape the present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does an increase of feeling intensity affect the brains response to that situation

A

brain change takes on extra momentum, reinforcing learning connections more strongly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What drives the brain momentum with intensity

A

Emotions that recur over and over creates a feedback loop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What shapes the brain more acutely than other feelings

A

Desire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do brain changes eventually settle and become

A

Habits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What happens to the brain when new changes come about

A

It restabilizes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is addiction different from other habits

A
  1. It is a mental habit
  2. The feeling of addiction always includes the feeling of desire
  3. It’s a habit that becomes compulsive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

By what process do brain grow

A

Self-organization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do we define the patterns we find in brains

A

Self-perpetuating - they form habits through reinforcement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What causes self perpetuation

A

Feedback loops between strong emotions (desire) and ongoing changes in brain structure

17
Q

Besides attraction and desire, what else forms via feedback loops

A

Depression and anxiety

18
Q

What can happen in neural patterns formed by desire

A

They can complement and merge with the neural patterns formed through depression or anxiety

19
Q

Where does the long term change in the brain occur

A

Synapses

20
Q

How do the synapses in the brain change

A

They change shape, form new synapses, decay old synapses

21
Q

How do the synapse changes affect the brain

A

They affect the degree of connection between neurons

22
Q

What is the “switch” that gets learning going

A

Emotional significance

23
Q

What strengthens and perpetuates learning

A

Repetition

24
Q

Motivated repetition

A

Repetition of something special

25
Q

Ventral Striatum (Accumbens)

A

Impulsive actions leading to goals
Feelings of attraction, desire, anticipation, craving and reward
Fuelled by dopamine

26
Q

Dorsal Striatum

A

Activated when goad directed behaviours shift from impulsive to compulsive
Central to stimulus-response learning
Triggers actions that are automatic and hard to turn off
Fuelled by dopamine

27
Q

Midbrain

A

Contains cells that send dopamine to diverse parts of the limbic system and cortex; striatum, amygdala, prefrontal cortex

28
Q

Amygdala

A

Acquires and maintains emotional associations
Triggers the same emotion on subsequent occasions
Focuses attention on the likely source of the emotion

29
Q

Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)

A

Closely connected to the amygdala and accumbent
Uses signals from these regions to create specific interpretations of highly motivating situations
Generates expectancies and helps initiate an appropriate respone

30
Q

mPFC

A

Self-awareness
Identity development
Interpreting others’ thoughts and feelings

31
Q

dPFC

A

Bringing memories to mind
Sorting and comparing memories
Using insight, judgement and logic to create new perspective, make decisions and adjust previous decisions
*The bridge of the ship

Addictions (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions