NPE head to to approach with focus on micronutrient deficiencies

Question 1

alopecia

Answer 1

protein, energy, zinc, biotin, or essential fatty acid deficiency or vitamin A excess

Question 2

fine, brittle hair can be suggestive or what deficiency

Answer 2

zinc, biotin, protein energy

Question 3

dry flaking skin can indicate

Answer 3

riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, biotin deficiency

Question 4

pallor of tongue

Answer 4

niacin, pyridoxine, folate, vitamin B12 deficiency

Question 5

aphthous ulcers

Answer 5

vitamin B12, iron, folate deficiency

Question 6

glossydnia

Answer 6

b12, iron, folate, zinc

Question 7

hypogeusia

Answer 7

zinc

Question 8

Petechiae

Answer 8

round, irregular in size, flat, nonblancing may appear in a rash, less than 2mm, red or purple - vitamin C (around hair follicles) vitamin K (separate from hair follicles)

Question 9

Purpura

Answer 9

2-10mm
-Round, irregular in size, flat or raised, nonblancing
-vitamin C, vitamin K, excessive vitamin E

Question 10

Eccymosis

Answer 10

> 10mm, irregular in shape and size, nonblanching
-vitamin C, vitamin K

Question 11

Vitamin B12

Answer 11

Symmetric
-affects legs more
-starts distally and moves proximally
con progress to severe weakness and even paraplegia

Question 12

Thiamin

Answer 12

begins with distal sensory loss, burning pain, muscle weakness, cramping in lower legs, neuropathy in hands, symptoms develop over weeks to months but sometimes appear rapidly

Question 13

Pyridoxine neurological changes

Answer 13

deficiency most occurs in context of general malnutrition as case of alcoholism
-starts with bilaterial tingling or numbness in distal feet
-pain becomes pevalent in fingers and hands

Question 14

Vitamin E neurological deficiency

Answer 14

ataxia, hyporflexia, loss of vibratory sensation, loss of proprioception