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science > Science Qz chapters 1,2, & 3 > Flashcards

Science Qz chapters 1,2, & 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Plasma

A

High energy matter consisting of positively and negatively charged particles.

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2
Q

What state of matter do you find in space?

A

Plasma

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3
Q

The two main factors that decide the state of matter are?

A

particle motion and particle forces

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4
Q

Collisions

A

change the speed and direction of the particles movement

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5
Q

If the SPEED of particles slows down, the particles are?

A

pulled closer together

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6
Q

As the motion of the particles increases, the particles?

A

move farther apart

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7
Q

Solid

A

matter that has a definite shape and a definite volume number

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8
Q

What is an example of a solid?

A

a skateboard. It moves around but its volume and shape doesn’t change

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9
Q

In a solid, the particles are close together because of their?

A

strong attractive forces

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10
Q

solids are NOT the same. A diamond’s particles are ________, while charcoal’s particles are _________.

A

in a pattern + organized, and unorganized + not in a distinct pattern

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11
Q

Liquid

A

matter with a definite volume but no definite shape

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12
Q

Liquids attractive forces are considered?

A

weak

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13
Q

Liquids weak attractive forces allow?

A

particles to sip past one another, and take the shape of the liquids container

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14
Q

Viscosity

A

a measurement of a liquid’s resistance to flow

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15
Q

What is a liquid that has a high level of Viscosity?

A

Honey

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16
Q

For many liquids, viscosity decreases when?

A

its temperature gets warmer

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17
Q

Cohesion

A

the attraction between similar molecules, such as water molecules.

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18
Q

Because water molecules on the surface of water don’t have water above them, they?

A

experience a pull downward, and get stretched out like the top of a drum

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19
Q

Surface tension

A

the uneven forces acting on the particles on the surface of a liquid

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20
Q

spiders are able to walk on water because of?

A

surface tension

21
Q

the stronger the attractive forces between particles, the?

A

stronger the surface tension

22
Q

Gas

A

matter that has no definite volume and no definite shape

23
Q

when the distance between particles change, the?

A

attractive forces also change

24
Q

Vapor

A

the gas state of a substance that is normally a solid or liquid at room temperature

25
Q

When a gas is at the room temperature a liquid should normally be at, we call it?

A

water vapor

26
Q

Kinetic Energy

A

the energy an object has due to its motion

27
Q

Temperature

A

measure of the average kinetic energy of all particles in an object

28
Q

An example of Temperature used in Kinetic energy is?

A

water molecules at 25 C are moving faster and have more kinetic energy than molecules moving at 10 C.

29
Q

Potential energy

A

stored energy due to the interactions between particles or objects

30
Q

chemical potential energy

A

due to the position of the particles relative to other particles

31
Q

particles that are farther apart have greater?

A

chemical potential energy

32
Q

Thermal energy

A

the total potential and kinetic energies of an object

33
Q

the temperature of an object stops when it reaches its melting point, but?

A

the temperature doesn’t change, though there is still a change in energy

34
Q

once a solid reaches its melting point, the average speed of particles does not change, but?

A

the distance of particles does change

35
Q

Vaporization

A

the change of state of a liquid to a gas

36
Q

boiling

A

vapor that occurs within the entire liquid

37
Q

Evaporation

A

vaporization that occurs only at the surface level of a liquid

38
Q

Condensation

A

the change of state from a gas to a liquid

39
Q

Sublimation

A

the change of state from a solid to a gas without going through the liquid state

40
Q

Deposition

A

the change of state of a gas to a solid without going through the liquid state

41
Q

type of pattern in a diamond

A

tetrahedrally

42
Q

Kinetic molecular theory

A

an explanation of how particles in matter normally behave

43
Q

when particles collide,?

A

no energy is lost

44
Q

Pressure

A

the amount of force applied per unit of area

45
Q

unit of measure for pressure

A

pascal

46
Q

Boyle’s law

A

states that pressure of a gas increases if the volume decreases and pressure of a gas decreases if volume increases. (when temperature is constant)

47
Q

Best example to describe Boyle’s law

A

ears popping on an airplane

48
Q

Charles’s Law

A

states that the volume of a gas increases with increasing temperature, if the pressure is constant

49
Q

best example to describe Charles’s law

A

taking a balloon outside on a cold winter day, and it apperaing deflated

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