Pathological JVP Waves

Question 1

Absent a wave

Answer 1

AF

Question 2

Large A wave and why

Answer 2

RVH / TS - RA filling against downstream resistance

Question 3

Giant V waves

Answer 3

Tricuspid regurg (more going back up into RA)

Question 4

Cannon a waves

Answer 4

AV dissociation - atrial contraction against closed AV valve
e.g. VECs - most common
Complete heart block
Flutter

Question 5

Steep x descent alone

Answer 5

Cardiac tamponde

Question 6

Steep x and y descents, what else do you see?

Answer 6

Constrictive pericarditis
Kussmaul’s Sign