Basics Flashcards
What is Biomechanics
Study of the forces that act on the body and/or body segments and the effects (i.e. movement, changes in movement) these forces produce
2 perspectives of studying biomechanics
Mechanical Perspective
-Generate and control movement
-Improvement
Performance
-sport, exercise, daily activity
-working,coaching, teaching etc.
Functional applications of Biomechanics
-sport equipment design
-ergonomics
-braces
-prostheses
Aristotle’s contributions to biomechanics
-First study of locomotion “About the movement of animals”
-science explains nature
-Pneuma-breath passes through heart to body
-heart is intelletual center of body
Vitruvian Man Proportions
Length of outstretched arms equals height
Da Vinci Contributions to Biomechanics
-First accurate dissection and illustration
-applied mechanical principals to humans
-accurately depicted lines of action of muscular forces
-Replaced Aristotles “Pneuma” theory with “Spiritual Force”
-Suggested nerves caused muscle contraction
Galileo’s contributions to biomechanics
-Founder of allometry which relates scale of structure to its function, foundations of anthropometry.
-Popularized experimentation “Father of the Scientific Method”
Giovanni Borelli’s contributions
-considered the “father of biomechanics”
- “De Motu Animalium” Treatise (1680)
-ASB most presigious award named after him
-compared actions of muscles on bone to simple levers
-Believed muscle contraction did NOT require spiritual energy
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Edward Muybridge Contributions
-Father of motion picture
-sequential photos of humans (walking, running, turning etc)
-Horse running photo bet with Leland Stanford
Etienne-Jules Marey Contributions
-Invented graphical method for recording events over time (early force plate)
-Photographic rifle led to modern camcorder
Newtons Laws of Motion
Law of inertia
Law of force and acceleration
Law of action and reaction
Law of inertia
An object at rest stays at rest an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by another force.
Law of force and acceleration
Force is the product of mass and acceleration
Law of action and reaction
every action has an equal but opposite reaction
