11th Biology Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is the androecium composed of?
Stamens
The androecium is the male reproductive organ of flowering plants.
What are the two main parts of a stamen?
Filament and anther
The filament is the stalk, and the anther produces pollen grains.
What is a sterile stamen called?
Staminode
Staminodes do not produce pollen.
What does it mean for stamens to be epipetalous?
Stamens attached to the petals
Example: brinjal.
What is the term for stamens that are free from each other?
Polyandrous
In polyandrous flowers, stamens are not united.
What does monoadelphous mean?
Stamens united into one bundle
Example: china rose.
What are the three parts of a carpel?
Stigma, style, and ovary
The carpel is the female reproductive part.
What is the function of the stigma?
Receptive surface for pollen grains
The stigma is usually at the tip of the style.
What is placentation?
Arrangement of ovules within the ovary
Different types include marginal, axile, parietal, basal, central, and free central.
What type of placentation has ovules borne on a ridge along the ventral suture?
Marginal placentation
Example: pea.
What is axile placentation?
Ovules attached to a central axis in a multilocular ovary
Examples: china rose, tomato, and lemon.
What is parietal placentation?
Ovules develop on the inner wall of the ovary
The ovary is one-chambered but may appear two-chambered due to a false septum.
Fill in the blank: After fertilization, the ovules develop into _______.
Seeds
The ovary matures into a fruit after fertilization.
What are apocarpous carpels?
Free carpels
Examples: lotus and rose.
What are syncarpous carpels?
Fused carpels
Examples: mustard and tomato.
What type of placentation is characterized by ovules borne on a central axis with absent septa?
Free central placentation
Examples: Dianthus and Primrose.
