1.2

Question 1

ROM (3)
properties (what is it)

Answer 1

A small piece of read only memory located on the motherboard

Non volatile

Contains very first instructions for the computer boostrap

Question 2

RAM

Answer 2

Temporary storage of instructions and data

Holds information being executed by the processer

Volatile

Much faster than the hard disk

Question 3

Primary storage e.g’s

Answer 3

RAM, ROM, registers and cache

Question 4

Secondary storage e.g’s

Answer 4

Solid state storage devices, USB memory sticks
optical storage devices, such as CD, DVD and blu-ray discs magnetic storage devices such as hard disk drives

Question 5

Primary storage properties

Answer 5

With exception of ROM all volatile

ROM is considered real only

Relatively small capacity compared to secondary storage
is very fast relative to secondary storage

Question 6

Secondary storage properties

Answer 6

All non volatile
Much larger storage capacity compared to primary storage
much slower than primary storage

Question 7

Why is secondary storage required (3)

Answer 7

Secondary storage is needed because the memory in a computer system is either ROM which is read only and cannot be changed or the ram which is volatile and is lost when the power is switched off

Question 8

Order of what the computer does when being turned on

Answer 8

The CPU receives power and gets its initial start up instructions from the bootstrap contained on the ROM

The operating system + other software and data stored on non-volatile secondary storage devices such as the hard disk can be loaded by the CPU into main memory, RAM so it can be accessed quickly

Question 9

Advantages of optical storage and disadvantages

Answer 9

Advantages: Thin, lightweight, portable and cheap

Disadvantages: Low capacity compared to other types of storage

Slow to access data

Question 10

Magnetic (Hard disk drive, tape) Advantages and disadvantages

Answer 10

Advantages
High storage capacity
Quick to access data
Cheap

Disadvantages:
Has moving parts, which eventually fail
Fragile
Slow access times
Perform better if defragmented

Question 11

Solid state (SSD, Memory sticks, Flash memory cards) Advantages and disadvantages

Answer 11

Advantages: Very quick to access data
No moving parts, very reliable
No noise
Low power
No need to defragment

Disadvantages:
Limited number of read/write cycles
Expensive compared to other types of storage

Question 12

Formula for calculating file size in text files +

Answer 12

(7 * num of charachters including spaces) / 8

Question 13

Formula for calculating file size in audio files

Answer 13

(sample rate * duration * bit depth) / 8

Question 14

Formula for calculating file size in images

Answer 14

(image height * color depth * image width) / 8

Question 15

How can data be converted into binary in RAM

Answer 15

They either hold a charge in having the value of one and not holding one would be 0

Question 16

How can data be converted into binary in a hard disk

Answer 16

Using magnets north and south being 1 and 0

Question 17

How can data be converted into binary in a optical disc

Answer 17

Light can either be reflected on the surface or not

Question 18

How can data be converted into binary in a solid state memory devices

Answer 18

By trapped electrons or free electrons 0 or 1

Question 19

Whats an advantage of just having two states of electronic components

Answer 19

Easier to manufacture
Therefore cheaper

More reliable

Question 20

Convert 12 denary to hex

Answer 20

C

Question 21

Convert 24 denary to hex

Answer 21

18

Question 22

convert 230 denary to hex

Answer 22

E6