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Instrumentation > 12/19 > Flashcards

12/19 Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

force divided by the area over which that force is applied

A

pressure

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2
Q

anything that changes or tends to change the state of rest or motion of a body

A

force

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3
Q

the number of unit squares equal to the surface of an object

A

area

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4
Q

any material that flows and takes the shape of its container

A

fluid

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5
Q

the pressure due to the weight of the atmosphere above the point where it is measured

A

atmospheric pressure

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6
Q

the actual height of a column of liquid

A

head

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7
Q

the pressure due to the head of a liquid column

A

hydrostatic pressure

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8
Q

gauge pressure that is less than atmospheric pressure

A

negative gauge pressure

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9
Q

pressure less than atmospheric pressure measured with atmospheric pressure as the zero point of the scale

A

vacuum pressure

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10
Q

the difference in pressure between two measurement points in a process

A

differential pressure

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11
Q

a device for measuring pressure with a liquid-filled tube

A

manometer

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12
Q

a clear tube bent into the shape of an elongated letter U

A

U-tube manometer

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13
Q

the ratio of the density of a fluid to the density of a reference fluid

A

specific gravity

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14
Q

an instrument consisting of a mechanical pressure sensor with a linkage to a pointer that is used to measure atmospheric pressure without the use of a liquid manometer

A

aneroid barometer

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15
Q

a device that converts one form of energy to another, such as converting pressure to voltage

A

transducer

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16
Q

a mechanical pressure sensor consisting of a thin, flexible disc that flexes in response to a change in pressure

A

diaphragm

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17
Q

a device that converts input energy into output electrical energy

A

electrical transducer

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18
Q

a pressure transducer with a power supply and a device that conditions and converts the transducer output into a standard analog or digital output

A

pressure transmitter

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19
Q

a pressure-sensing device that provides a discrete output (contact make or break) when applied pressure reaches a preset level within the switch

A

pressure switch

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20
Q

a transducer that measures the deformation, or strain, of a rigid body as a result of the force applied to the body

A

strain gauge

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21
Q

a diaphragm pressure sensor with a capacitor as the electrical element

A

capacitance pressure transducer

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22
Q

the property of an electric circuit that opposes a changing current flow

A

inductance

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23
Q

an inductance transducer consisting of two coils wound on a single nonconductive tube

A

linear-voltage differential transducer (LVDT)

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24
Q

the property of an electric circuit that opposes a magnetic flux

25
a diaphragm pressure sensor combined with a crystalline material that is sensitive to mechanical stress in the form of pressure
piezoelectric pressure transducer
26
an impulse line that is filled with a noncondensing gas
dry leg
27
an impulse line filled with fluid that is compatible with the pressure-measuring device
wet leg
28
a surge tank that may be installed in a wet leg to prevent volume changes from forcing the fluid into the process as well as protecting the sensing element from high temperatures as with steam applications
seal pot
29
the procedure for operating the manometer three-way manifold valves to connect a manometer to a process without blowing out the manometer fluid
cutting in the manometer
30
the procedure for operating the manometer three-way manifold valves to disconnect the manometer from the process
cutting out the manometer
31
subjecting a mechanical sensor to excessive pressure beyond the design limits of the instrument
overranging
32
a hydraulic pressure-calibrating device that includes a manually operated screw press, a weight platform supported by a piston, a set of weights, and a fitting to connect the tester to a gauge
deadweight tester
33
a method of level measurement where the only concern is whether the amount of material is within the desired limits
point level measurement
34
a method of tracking the change of level over a range of values
continuous level measurement
35
a gauge glass that uses flat glasses enclosed in metal bodies and covers to protect against breakage when used in boilers or high-pressure vessels, or for other safety requirements
armored gauge glass
36
a flat gauge glass with a special vertical sawtooth surface that acts as a prism to improve readability
reflex gauge glass
37
a gauge that consists of a stainless steel float containing a magnet riding in a stainless steel tube where the level indicator consists of horizontally pivoted magnetized vanes painted yellow or white on one side and black on the other in a housing bolted to the level tube
magnetically coupled level gauge
38
an intermittent full-range level measuring assembly consisting of a manual or remotely operated switch, a relay and servomotor, a plumb bob for a weight, and a cable
cable and weight system
39
a level measuring instrument consisting of a tube extending to the bottom of a vessel; a pressure gauge, single-leg manometer, transmitter, or recorder; a purge flowmeter or sight feed bubble; and a pressure regulator
bubbler
40
a point level measuring instrument consisting of a hollow ball that floats on top of a liquid in a tank and is attached to the instrument
float
41
a liquid level measuring instrument consisting of a buoyant cylindrical object, heavier than the liquid, that is immersed in the liquid and connected to a spring or torsion device that measures the buoyancy of the cylinder
displacer
42
a point level measuring device consisting of a drive motor and rotating paddle wheel mounted inside a tank
paddle wheel switch
43
the ability of an electrical device to store charge as the result of the separation of charge
capacitance
44
the ability of a circuit to conduct alternating current and is the reciprocal of impedance
admittance
45
an electrical device that stores electrical energy by means of an electrostatic field
capacitor
46
the insulating material between the conductors of a capacitor
dielectric
47
the ration of the insulating ability of a material to the insulating ability of a vacuum
dielectric constant
48
a part of a level measuring instrument and consists of a metal rod inserted into a tank or vessel, with a high-frequency alternating voltage applied to it and a means to measure the current that flows between the rod and a second conductor
capacitance probe
49
a point level measuring system consisting of a circuit of two or more probes or electrodes, or an electrode and the vessel wall where the material in the vessel completes the circuit as the level rises in the vessel
conductivity probe
50
a point level measuring instrument consisting of a light source and a detector that indicates a level of the contents of a vessel when the beam is broken
beam-breaking photometric sensor
51
a level measuring instrument that uses ultrasonic sounds to measure level
ultrasonic sensor
52
the time it takes for a transmitted ultrasonic signal to travel from the ultrasonic level transmitter to the surface of the material to be measured and back to the receiver
transit time
53
a point level measuring instrument consisting of a vibrating tuning fork that resonates at a particular sound frequency and the circuitry to measure that frequency
tuning fork level detector
54
a level measuring detector consisting of a cable or rod as the wave carrier extending from the emitter down to the bottom of the vessel and electronics to measure the transit time
guided wave radar
55
a level measuring instrument consisting of a laser beam generator, a timer, and a detector mounted at the top of a vessel
laser level instrument
56
a condition arising in a silo when material in the center has flowed out the feeder at the bottom, leaving large areas of stagnant material on the sides
ratholing
57
a condition arising in a silo when material has built up over the feeder, blocking all flow out of the silo
bridging
58
the process of discharging water and undesirable accumulated material
blowdown
59
a boiler fitting that shuts that burner OFF in the event of a low water condition
low water fuel cutoff

Instrumentation (2 decks)

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