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Microbio > 12/2 Quiz Innate Host Defenses > Flashcards

12/2 Quiz Innate Host Defenses Flashcards

(42 cards)

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1
Q

nonspecific barriers to microbial entry with which a person is born

A

Innate Immunity

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2
Q

Prevents Infection

A

1st Line of Defense

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3
Q

when normal flora compete with invading microbes

A

competitive exclusion

1st Line of Defense

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4
Q 
skin
mucous membranes
flushing mechanisms
-coughing and sneezing
-urination
-tears
-cilia
-peristalsis
A

Physical Barriers

1st Line of Defense

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5
Q

Skin

A

1st Line of Defense

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6
Q

Mucous Membranes

A

1st Line of Defense

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7
Q

Flushing Mechanisms

A

1st Line of Defense

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8
Q

coughing and sneezing

A

1st Line of Defense

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9
Q

urination

A

1st Line of Defense

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10
Q

tears

A

1st Line of Defense

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11
Q

cilia

A

1st Line of Defense

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12
Q

peristalsis

A

1st Line of Defense

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13
Q

1 - acids in stomach and female reproductive tract

2 - lysozyme found in tears and saliva - digests baterial cell walls

A

Chemical barriers

1st Line of Defense

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14
Q

A group of 20 blood proteins

A

Complement
Chemical Defense
2nd Line of Defense

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15
Q

Binds to microbe membranes

Chain reaction leading to insertion of pores in membranes of microbes

A

Complement
Chemical Defense
2nd Line of Defense

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16
Q

Stimulates the release of histamine

Leads to inflammation

A

Complement
Chemical Defense
2nd Line of Defense

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17
Q

Antiviral

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A

Interferon
Chemical Defense
2nd Line of Defense

18
Q

produced by fibroblast and white blood cells invaded by a virus

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A

Interferon
Chemical Defense
2nd Line of Defense

19
Q

Attaches to receptor sites on neighboring host cells

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A

Interferon
Chemical Defense
2nd Line of Defense

20
Q

Activates an enzyme whicih blocks the translation of viral m-RNA and an enzyme that degrades viral m-RNA

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A

Interferon
Chemical Defense
2nd Line of Defense

21
Q

phagocytosis via nonspecific leukocytes

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A

Biological Barriers

2nd Line of Defense

22
Q

general term for any white blood cell

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A

Leukocytes
Biological Barriers
2nd Line of Defense

23
Q

Are the most common white blood cell

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A

Neutrophils
Leukocytes
Biological Barriers
2nd Line of Defense

24
Q

effectively kill bacteria and other microbes

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A

Neutrophils
Leukocytes
Biological Barriers
2nd Line of Defense

25
are the largest blood borne phagocyte
Monocytes Leukocytes Biological Barriers 2nd Line of Defense
26
Migrate INTO tissues and become macrophages and dendritic cells
Monocytes Leukocytes Biological Barriers 2nd Line of Defense
27
APC
Antigen Presenting Cell Leukocytes Biological Barriers 2nd Line of Defense
28
anything foreign to the body that initiates an immune response
Antigens
29
Distinctive amino acid sequences AKA: "exogenous" antigens epitopes
Antigenic determinants
30
APC's that | 1) digest antigens into smaller antigenic determinants and "present" them to cells of the immune system
Macrophages Leukocytes Biological Barriers 2nd Line of Defense
31
chemical produced by WBC's that target other white blood cells and influence their behavior
Lymphokines
32
APC's that bind to naive Tcd4 cells and secrete the lymphokine interleukin-1
Macrophages Leukocytes Biological Barriers 2nd Line of Defense
33
a lymphokine that helps activate naive Tcd4 cells
Interleukin-1
34
A lymphokine that stimulates the brain to raise the body's temperature via the hypothalamus
interleukin-1
35
Raising the temperature (initiated by THIS lymphokine) helps - make the body more inhospitable to microbes - enhances the activity of the immune cells (production of T cells increases 20 fold if 102.2 degrees) - Increases microbial demand for iron - Reduces host's absorption of iron
``` interleukin-1 from Macrophages Leukocytes Biological Barriers 2nd Line of Defense ```
36
APC cell that - Digests antigens into epitopes (antigenic determinants) - Present epitopes to and activate both naive Tcd4 cells and naive Tcd8 cells
Dendritic cells (APC) Leukocytes Biological Barriers 2nd Line of Defense
37
Absence of receptor sites on cell membranes
2nd Line of Defense
38
Inflammation
Inflammation | 2nd Line of Defense
39
When tissues are injured, basophils and mast cells release chemicals such as histamines, kinins, and prostaglandins
Inflammation | 2nd Line of Defense
40
Includes dilation and increased permeability of blood vessels
Inflammation | 2nd Line of Defense
41
Redness, swelling, pain (edema), increased temperature
Inflammation | 2nd Line of Defense
42
Localizes microbes and chemicals used for tissue repair
Inflammation | 2nd Line of Defense

Microbio (14 decks)

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