12-7: The Brain - cerebellum and brain injuries

Question 1

cerebellum

Answer 1

large, cauliflower-like “small brain” posterior to the pons and medulla, and below the occipital lobe. Separated from the cerebrum by the deep transverse fissure

Question 2

vermis

Answer 2

two cerebellar hemispheres are connected in the middle by this constricted area

Question 3

cerebellar peduncles

Answer 3

cerebullum attached to the brainstem by three paired fiber tracts

Question 4

folia

Answer 4

thin, parallel ridges formed by the folds of the cerebellar cortex

Question 5

arbor vitae

Answer 5

white matter tracts underneath the gray cortex

Question 6

What are the functions of the cerebellum?

Answer 6

coordinated movement of skeletal muscles

posture, balance, equilibrium, muscle tone, and movement of the joints

Question 7

cerebrovascular accidents

Answer 7

also called strokes; occur when blood flow to brain area is blocked - tissue dies

Question 8

What causes a CVA?

Answer 8

blood clot in cerebral artery

Question 9

A CVA, if survived, may cause: ___

Answer 9

hemiplegia, sensory defects, trouble with speech

Question 10

Cerebrovascular accidents are the __ leading cause of death in North America.

Answer 10

3rd

Question 11

TIA

Answer 11

Transient Ischemic (hold back blood) Attacks that produce temporary numbness, paralysis, impaired speech

Question 12

concussion

Answer 12

temporary alteration in brain function following a blow to the head; feel dizzy and may lose consciousness

Question 13

contusion

Answer 13

a bruising of the brain caused by a more serious concussion; permenant neurological damage

Question 14

Brainstem contusions result in ___.

Answer 14

a coma (total unresponsiveness to sensory stimuli) due to injury of RAS

Question 15

subdural or subarachnoid hemorrhage

Answer 15

bleeding from ruptured cerebral vessels into these spaces; blood accumulating in skull increase intracranial pressure. Treament - surgical removal of hematoma and repair bad vessel