1.2 and 1.3

Question 1

Where in the UK did ice primarily erode the landscape during the last Ice Age?

Answer 1

The ice primarily eroded the northern and western parts of the UK, including Scotland and parts of Wales.

Question 2

What type of landscape feature is created by glacial erosion?

Answer 2

Glacial erosion creates features such as U-shaped valleys, fjords, and cirques.

Question 3

True or False: Ice sheets only eroded the lowland areas of the UK.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The process of glacial erosion involves the __________ of rock and soil.

Answer 4

removal

Question 5

What is a U-shaped valley?

Answer 5

A U-shaped valley is a valley formed by the erosion of a glacier, characterized by a broad, flat floor and steep sides.

Question 6

Multiple Choice: Which of the following landscapes is NOT typically formed by glacial activity? A) Drumlin B) Canyon C) Moraine D) Cirque

Answer 6

B) Canyon

Question 7

How did physical processes like freeze-thaw contribute to upland formation?

Answer 7

Freeze-thaw processes caused rocks to break apart, contributing to the creation of upland areas.

Question 8

What is a moraine?

Answer 8

A moraine is an accumulation of debris deposited by a glacier, often forming ridges along its edges.

Question 9

True or False: Glacial retreat can lead to the formation of new lakes.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What role did climate change play in the erosion of the UK landscapes?

Answer 10

Climate change led to the melting of ice sheets, which contributed to the erosion and reshaping of the landscape.

Question 11

List two types of landforms created by glacial processes.

Answer 11

Cirques and drumlins.

Question 12

What is a cirque?

Answer 12

A cirque is a bowl-shaped depression formed by the erosion of a glacier at the head of a valley.

Question 13

Multiple Choice: Ice erosion in the UK most significantly affected which geographical feature? A) Hills B) Mountains C) Coastlines D) Rivers

Answer 13

B) Mountains

Question 14

How does glacial till differ from other types of soil?

Answer 14

Glacial till is unsorted sediment deposited directly by glacier ice, containing a mix of particle sizes.

Question 15

What is the significance of the Lake District in relation to glacial erosion?

Answer 15

The Lake District showcases many glacial landforms, including lakes, U-shaped valleys, and moraines, resulting from past glaciation.

Question 16

What is mechanical weathering?

Answer 16

Mechanical weathering is the process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces without changing their chemical composition.

Question 17

True or False: Freeze/thaw is a type of mechanical weathering.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Fill in the blank: The freeze/thaw process involves water __________ in cracks, freezing, and expanding.

Answer 18

expanding

Question 19

What is the role of salt crystals in weathering?

Answer 19

Salt crystals can grow in rock crevices, exerting pressure and causing the rock to break apart in a process known as salt weathering.

Question 20

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a form of mechanical weathering? A) Freeze/thaw B) Salt crystallization C) Hydrolysis

Answer 20

C) Hydrolysis

Question 21

What is the primary effect of freeze/thaw weathering?

Answer 21

The primary effect is the physical breakup of rocks due to the expansion of freezing water.

Question 22

True or False: Mechanical weathering changes the mineral composition of rocks.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

Name one type of mechanical weathering besides freeze/thaw.

Answer 23

One type is salt crystallization.

Question 24

What happens during salt crystallization weathering?

Answer 24

Salt crystals form from evaporating saline water, expanding and exerting pressure on surrounding rock.

Question 25

Fill in the blank: Mechanical weathering processes are primarily driven by __________ forces.

Answer 25

physical

Question 26

Multiple choice: Which factor can enhance mechanical weathering? A) Temperature fluctuations B) Chemical reactions C) Organic activity

Answer 26

A) Temperature fluctuations

Question 27

What is an example of mechanical weathering caused by biological activity?

Answer 27

Root growth can cause mechanical weathering by breaking apart rocks as roots expand.

Question 28

True or False: Mechanical weathering is a slow process.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

What is the impact of temperature on freeze/thaw weathering?

Answer 29

Temperature fluctuations between freezing and thawing cycles can increase the rate of freeze/thaw weathering.

Question 30

Fill in the blank: The process of rocks breaking apart due to repeated freezing and thawing is known as __________ weathering.

Answer 30

freeze/thaw

Question 31

What is the significance of mechanical weathering in the rock cycle?

Answer 31

Mechanical weathering contributes to the breakdown of rocks, creating sediment that can be transported and further weathered.

Question 32

Multiple choice: Which of the following best describes the freeze/thaw cycle? A) Water freezes, expands, and thaws B) Water evaporates, condenses, and freezes C) Water flows, freezes, and evaporates

Answer 32

A) Water freezes, expands, and thaws

Question 33

What is one consequence of mechanical weathering for landscapes?

Answer 33

It can lead to the formation of soil and changes in topography.

Question 34

True or False: Mechanical weathering can occur more rapidly in cold climates.

Answer 34

True