1.2 Atomic Structure Flashcards
What are the three atomic particles?
Protons, electrons, and neutrons.
What are their masses?
- Electron: Next to 0
- Proton: 1 amu
- Neutron: 1 amu
What are their charges?
- Electron: -1
- Proton: +1
- Neutron: 0
What are their locations?
Protons and neutrons form the nucleus
Electrons are found in the energy levels
What is an atomic number?
The number of protons in an atom (how the periodic table is arranged)
What is a mass number?
The number of protons + the number of neutrons
What is an isotope?
An atom with the same atomic number but a different mass number, meaning it is the same atom but doesn’t way the same.
What is relative atomic mass?
Average atomic mass across all naturally occuring atoms.
What is a neutral atom?
When the number of protons = the number of electrons
What are the properties of the alkali metals (group 1)?
They react rapidly with water, producing an alkaline solution and hydrogen gas. The elements become more reactive as you move down the group.
What are the properties of the halogens (group 7)?
Fl and Cl are gases, Br is liquid, and I is solid. They are all diatomic. The elements become less reactive as you move down the group.
What are the properties of the noble gases (group 8/0)?
They are very unreactive and exist as individual atoms.
What are the properties of the transition metals?
They are elements found between groups 2 and 3. They are generally dense, and many form brightly coloured compounds.
