12 - Cranial nerves and foramina of the skull

Question 1

What is CN I?

Answer 1

Olfactory nerve

Question 2

What is CN II?

Answer 2

Optic nerve

Question 3

What is CN III?

Answer 3

Oculomotor nerve

Question 4

What is CN IV?

Answer 4

Trochlear nerve

Question 5

What is CN V?

Answer 5

Trigeminal nerve

Question 6

What is CN VI?

Answer 6

Abducens

Question 7

What is CN VII?

Answer 7

Facial nerve

Question 8

What is CN VIII?

Answer 8

Vestibulocochlear nerve

Question 9

What is CN IX?

Answer 9

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 10

What is CN X?

Answer 10

Vagus nerve

Question 11

What is CN XI?

Answer 11

Spinal or accessory nerve

Question 12

What is XII?

Answer 12

Hypoglossal nerve

Question 13

What is the function of CN I?

Answer 13

Sense of smell, from receptor cells in nasal mucosa

Question 14

What is the function of CN II?

Answer 14

Vision, from retina to brain

Question 15

What is the function of CN III?

Answer 15

• innervates muscles of the eye including levator palpebrae, inferior oblique and the rectus muscles
• innervates sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscles

Question 16

What is the function of CN IV?

Answer 16

Innervates superior oblique muscle (muscle of the eye)

Question 17

What is the function of CN V1?

Answer 17

Sensation of:
- upper eyelid
- bridge and tip of the nose
- forehead

Question 18

What is the function of CN V2?

Answer 18

Sensation of:
- maxillary teeth and gingivae
- lower eyelid
- anterior temporal region
- cheekbones
- ala of the nose
- upper lip

Question 19

What is the function of CN V3?

Answer 19

Sensation of:
- mandibular teeth and gingivae
- posterior temporal region
- anterior ear
- skin over the jaw
- lower lip

innervates MOMs

Question 20

What is the function of CN VI?

Answer 20

Innervates lateral rectus which abducts the eye

Question 21

What is the function of CN VII?

Answer 21

Special sensation of:
- auricle
- external acoustic meatus
- anterior 2/3 of tongue

Parasympathetic:
- secretomotor in submandibular and sublingual glands
- lacrimal gland
- nasal and oral mucosa

Innervates muscles of facial expresion

Question 22

What is the function of CN VIII?

Answer 22

Vestibular branch - balance and equilibrium
Cochlear branch - hearing

Question 23

What is the function of CN IX?

Answer 23

• sensory and taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue
• sensation from the carotid body
• secretomotor in the parotid
• innervates muscles which assist in swallowing and speaking

Question 24

What is the function of CN X?

Answer 24

• taste from palate and epiglottis
• gag reflex
• parasympathetic from thoracic and abdominal viscera

Question 25

What is the function of CN XI?

Answer 25

Innervates: - SCM - trapezius - muscles of the soft palate

Question 26

What is the function of CN XII?

Answer 26

Innervates all muscles of the tongue except for palatoglossal by CN X)

Question 27

Which structures pass through the foramina of cribriform plate?

Answer 27

Olfactory nerve (CN I)

Question 28

Which structures pass through the optic canal?

Answer 28

- Optic nerve (CN II) - Ophthalmic artery

Question 29

Which structures pass through the superior orbital fissure?

Answer 29

- Occulomotor nerve (CN III) - Trochlear nerve (CN IV) - Ophthalmic div of CN V1 - Abducent nerve (CN VI) - Superior ophthalmic vein

Question 30

Which structures pass through the internal acoustic meatus?

Answer 30

- Facial nerve (CN VII) - Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) - Labyrinthe artery and vein

Question 31

Which structures pass through the hypoglossal canal?

Answer 31

Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

Question 32

Which structures pass through the supra-orbital notch?

Answer 32

Supra-orbital nerve and vessels (CN V1)

Question 33

Which structures pass through the infra-orbital foramen?

Answer 33

Infra-orbital nerve and vessels (CN V2)

Question 34

Which structures pass through the mental foramen?

Answer 34

Mental nerve and vessels (CN V3)

Question 35

Which structures pass through the zygomaticofacial foramen?

Answer 35

Zygomaticofacial nerve

Question 36

Which structures pass through the foramen rotundum?

Answer 36

Maxillary div of CN V2

Question 37

Which structures pass through the foramen ovale?

Answer 37

Mandibular div of CN V3

Question 38

Which structures pass through the carotid canal?

Answer 38

ICA

Question 39

Which structures pass through the foramen spinosum?

Answer 39

Middle meningeal artery

Question 40

Which structures pass through the jugular foramen?

Answer 40

- IJV - Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) - Vagus nerve (CN X) - Spinal accessory nerve (CNXI)

Question 41

Which structures pass through the foramen magnum?

Answer 41

- spinal cord - Vertebral arteries - Roots of spinal accessory nerve

Question 42

Which structures pass through the stylomastoid foramen?

Answer 42

Facial nerve (CN VII)