1.2 Demography - Birth & Fertility Rate

Question 1

How are family and population closely linked?

Answer 1

The more families there are the bigger the population

Question 2

What is demography?

Answer 2

The study of populations and their characteristics

Question 3

What are some characteristics of a population?

Answer 3

Size

Age structure

Question 4

What factors most directly affect population size?

Answer 4

Birth rate
Death rate
Life expectancy
Migration

Question 5

What factors cause increased population size?

Answer 5

Birth rate

Life expectancy

Question 6

What factors cause decline in population?

Answer 6

Death rate

Migration

Question 7

(Birth rate) What is the birth rate?

Answer 7

The number of live births per 1000 women aged 15-44 per year

Question 8

(Birth rate) If the birth rate continues to fall what will happen to population size by 2041?

Answer 8

It will decrease as the death rate will increase

Question 9

(Birth rate) Why is the population set to rise?

Answer 9

Migration

Question 10

(TFR) What are the two factors determining the birth rate?

Answer 10

Number of women of childbearing age

How fertile they are

Question 11

(TFR) What is the total fertility rate?

Answer 11

The average number of children a woman will have during her fertile years

Question 12

(TFR) What has happened to the TFR since 2001?

Answer 12

Risen

Question 13

(TFR) In 2001 the TFR was at what?

Answer 13

Lowest it has ever been - 1.63 children per woman

Question 14

(TFR) By 2014 the TFR was what?

Answer 14

1.9

Question 15

(TFR) The TFR is much lower than what?

Answer 15

In the past

Question 16

(TFR) Liverpool Victoria building society - what is the estimated cost of raising s child to 21?

Answer 16

£180000

Question 17

(TFR) The first year of a child’s life will cost parents how much?

Answer 17

£8000

Question 18

(Family size) What has happened family size?

Answer 18

Decreased

Question 19

(Family size) In 2012 the average family size was what?

Answer 19

1.71 dependent children

Question 20

(Family size) What is the average family size for married couples?

Answer 20

1.79 dependent children

Question 21

(Family size) What is the average family size for lone parents?

Answer 21

1.59 dependent children

Question 22

(Family size) What is the average family size of cohabiting couples?

Answer 22

1.62 dependent children

Question 23

(Family size) Married couples have larger family sizes as they are usually older and are likely to have completed what?

Answer 23

Childbearing

Question 24

(Family size) More women are remaining what?

Answer 24

Childless

Question 25

(Family size) Of the women born in 1982 how many women were childless by their 30th?

Answer 25

Half

Question 26

(Family size) Of women born in 1952 how many were childless by their 30th?

Answer 26

One third

Question 27

(Family size) Of women born in 1927 how many were childless by their 30th?

Answer 27

One quarter

Question 28

(Family size) What might some explanations be for the increase in women remaining childless?

Answer 28

``` Education Careers Delaying marriage Property - getting on the housing ladder First ensuring financial stability ```

Question 29

(Family size) What does Susanne whiting say regarding class and ethnicities effect on family?

Answer 29

Ethnicity impacts on the family size - black and Asian groups have bigger families Class differences disappeared

Question 30

(Age of marriage) What has happened to the age of marriage?

Answer 30

Increased

Question 31

(Age of marriage) What was the average age of marriage in 1970?

Answer 31

22 for women | 24 for men

Question 32

(Age of marriage) What was the average age of marriage now?

Answer 32

30 for women | 32 for men

Question 33

(Age of marriage)How can increase in age of marriage be explained?

Answer 33

Cohabitation Changing attitudes Changing position of women - education Cost of weddings

Question 34

(Age of childbearing) fertility rates are rising for all groups except who?

Answer 34

Women under 20

Question 35

(Age of childbearing) the largest rise in fertility is for women over what?

Answer 35

40

Question 36

(Age of childbearing) what might some explanations for these be?

Answer 36

Increase in education Middle class women having kids later Individualisation