1.2- Organisations Of The Criminal Justice System In England And Wales Flashcards
What is the criminal justice system
Multiple organisations/agencies that work together in England/wales, they cooperate to enforce laws/punish offenders
What are the 6 agencies involved in the criminal justice system
- law creation
- police
- courts + tribunals
- national probation service
- HM prison service
- CPS
Whats the role of the police
- investigate crime- gather evidence, question witness
- use PACE powers
- enforce law
- issue fixed penalties/warnings
Who do the police have relationships with
Courts- police give evidence as prosecution witness, protect vulnerable witnesses, transport offenders
CPS- charge offenders in line with CPS instructions, gather evidence for them
Prison/probation services- arrest those in breach of licence, help manage child sex offenders in the area
Whats the role of the CPS
- bring cases to court (if in public interest)
- abide full code test
- advise police on investigations
- prepare/present case
Who do the cps have relationships with
Courts- courts prepare/present prosecution case, help prepare appeals (sentence deem too lenient/unsatisfactory)
Police- advise police on lines of inquiry/evidence collection/what to charge suspect with
Whats the role of law creation/governmental departments
- parliament/judges make laws ro deal with crime
2 gov departments oversee running of criminal justice system - ministry of justice- protects/advances principles of justice
- home office- security of uk
Who do the law creation/government departments have relationships with
Courts/prison/probation- ministry of justice is responsible for running of courts/prions/probation services, tax money used to fund these
Police- home office works with police to identify priorities for differnt forces, tax money used by home offices to fund police
Whats the role of the HM courts and tribunals
- Magistrates court- less serious offences
- Crown court- serious offences, trial by judge and jury
- Case bought to court, Suspects enter plea in magistrates court, bail and legal aid discussed
- Guilty plea=offender sentenced
- Not guilty plea= trial arranged (CPS/defence lawyers make arguments and use evidence)
- Verdict decided by jury/magistrate (guilty=sentencing e.g. imprisonment, community, suspended)
who do the HM courts and tribunals have relationships with
courts/judges- judges help ensure smooth running/order of courts and tribunals
Prison- prison service transfer offenders to/from prison to court, arrange meetings/video links/interviews
Whats the role of the national probation service
- rehabilitate
- Supervise offenders who have non custodial sentences (community work)
- supervise those released on licence
- ensure they keep to their terms (curfew/tagging)
Who do the national probation service have relationships with
Courts- probation supervise offenders sentenced to community work, supervise drug testing if requested by court
Prison/parole- offenders released on liscence are supervised by parole boards/probation officers
Whats the role of the HM prison service
- enforce law
- rehabilitate
- carry out sentence given to offenders in court
- where custodial sentences carried out
- supervise offenders in custody
- provide secure place for them to serve sentence
Who do the HM prison service have relationships with
Courts- courts work with prison to facilitate legal visits with offenders, carry out custodial sentence
Police- police coordinate interviews/video links between prison and courts
Probation- deals with offenders who’ve been released from prison/will be released on licence
