12) past and future tenses

Question 1

passe compose

Answer 1

compound past

most common past tense in french

Question 2

two parts of passe compose?

Answer 2

auxiliary verb - normally avoir, can be etre

past participle - past tense of the verb

i’m eating (present continous)
i have eaten (past perfect)
have = aux verb
eaten = past participle

Question 3

-ir verbs? eg finir

Answer 3

drop -ir, replace with i

finir becomes fini

Question 4

-er verbs? eg manger

Answer 4

drop -er, replace with e (accented e, accent to 1 pm)

manger become mange (accented e)

Question 5

-re verbs? eg vendre

Answer 5

drop -re, replace with u

vendre becomes vendu

Question 6

to form passe compose?
1- aux verb?
2- past participle

Answer 6

1- conjugate aux verb normally avoir to the person speaking

2- get the past participle of the verb

Question 7

i have eaten

Answer 7

j’ai mange (accented e)

Question 8

he has sold the strawberries

Answer 8

il a vendu les fraises

Question 9

when to use etre as opposed to avoir?

Answer 9

DR. and MRS VANDERTRAMP (starting letter of verbs)

when using intransitive verbs which indicate either motion (going somewhere) or a change of state (changing in some essential way), you use etre as your aux verb

Question 10

to become something

Answer 10

devenir

Question 11

to enter something again

Answer 11

rentrer

Question 12

to go up something

Answer 12

monter

Question 13

to stay

Answer 13

rester

Question 14

to leave, exit or go out

Answer 14

sortir

Question 15

to come

Answer 15

venir

Question 16

to go somewhere

Answer 16

aller

Question 17

to be born to somebody

Answer 17

naitre

Question 18

to go down something or descend

Answer 18

descendre

Question 19

to enter into something

Answer 19

entrer

Question 20

to return to something

Answer 20

retourner

Question 21

to fall down or trip

Answer 21

tomber

Question 22

to return to something or come back

Answer 22

revenir

Question 23

to arrive to/ at something

Answer 23

arriver

Question 24

to die

Answer 24

mourir

Question 25

to leave somewhere

Answer 25

partir

Question 26

he left

Answer 26

il est venu

Question 27

she left

Answer 27

elle est venue

Question 28

they left

Answer 28

ils sont venus

Question 29

when using avoir as the aux verb?

Answer 29

the subject and the participle need not agree

Question 30

when using etre as the aux verb?

Answer 30

the subject and the participle must agree

Question 31

imparfait/imperfect past tense - refers to?

Answer 31

ongoing event or state in the past eg: i was happy or i was young or a repeated event eg: i used to watch

Question 32

-er verbs. imparfat?

Answer 32

drop the ending and add - ais - ais - ait - ions - iez - aient

Question 33

-re verbs. imparfait?

Answer 33

more complicated and can slightly change prendre = je prenais croire = je croyais dire = je disais

Question 34

-ir verbs of 3rd group. imparfait?

Answer 34

same as -er verbs - ais - ais - ait - ions - iez - aient

Question 35

-ir verbs of 2nd group. imparfait?

Answer 35

do the same as 3rd group but add -iss before it finir = je finissais grandir = je grandissais

Question 36

when i was young, i would play often

Answer 36

quand j'etais jeune, je jouais souvent

Question 37

when to use imperfect over passe compose?

Answer 37

1- actions or states which occurred often and not just once 2- description of either emotional or physical states 3- any states or actions where the duration is ongoing but unknown 4- used alongisde passe compose in order to give more depth or information 5- polite suggestion and wishes 6- as part of a conditional clause

Question 38

could you help me? (tu)

Answer 38

pourrais-tu m'aider?

Question 39

future proche/ close future - meaning?

Answer 39

events that will most certainly happen

Question 40

how to create future proche?

Answer 40

combine aller conjugated to the person alongside the infinitive of the verb to be carried out in the near future subject + aller + infinitive verb

Question 41

infinitive verb meaning?

Answer 41

any verb that is preceded by the word 'to' is an infinitive verb

Question 42

i'm going to go shopping

Answer 42

je vais faire les magasins

Question 43

they're going to go play basketball

Answer 43

ils vont jouer au basket

Question 44

are you going to the bookstore tomorrow? - tu

Answer 44

vas-tu aller a la librarire demain ?

Question 45

futur simple/ simple future tense ?

Answer 45

implies something will happen at some point in the future

Question 46

how to form futur simple ?

Answer 46

take the entire infinitive of a verb as the stem and then add - ai - as - a - ons - ez - ont

Question 47

how to form futur simple with -re verb?

Answer 47

remove the final -e then add as normal for futur simple

Question 48

etre and avoir futur simple ?

Answer 48

these have future stems of ser- and aur- respectively

Question 49

chanter (to sing) futur simple ?

Answer 49

``` je chanterai - (shahn-teh-reh) tu chanteras - (same) il/elle/on chantera (same) nous chanterons (shahn-teh-rohn) vous chaterz (shahn-teh-rey) ils/elles chanteront (shahn-teh-rohn) ```