Flashcards in 12) past and future tenses Deck (49)
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1
passe compose
compound past
most common past tense in french
2
two parts of passe compose?
auxiliary verb - normally avoir, can be etre
past participle - past tense of the verb
i'm eating (present continous)
i have eaten (past perfect)
have = aux verb
eaten = past participle
3
-ir verbs? eg finir
drop -ir, replace with i
finir becomes fini
4
-er verbs? eg manger
drop -er, replace with e (accented e, accent to 1 pm)
manger become mange (accented e)
5
-re verbs? eg vendre
drop -re, replace with u
vendre becomes vendu
6
to form passe compose?
1- aux verb?
2- past participle
1- conjugate aux verb normally avoir to the person speaking
2- get the past participle of the verb
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i have eaten
j'ai mange (accented e)
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he has sold the strawberries
il a vendu les fraises
9
when to use etre as opposed to avoir?
DR. and MRS VANDERTRAMP (starting letter of verbs)
when using intransitive verbs which indicate either motion (going somewhere) or a change of state (changing in some essential way), you use etre as your aux verb
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to become something
devenir
11
to enter something again
rentrer
12
to go up something
monter
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to stay
rester
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to leave, exit or go out
sortir
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to come
venir
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to go somewhere
aller
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to be born to somebody
naitre
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to go down something or descend
descendre
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to enter into something
entrer
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to return to something
retourner
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to fall down or trip
tomber
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to return to something or come back
revenir
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to arrive to/ at something
arriver
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to die
mourir
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to leave somewhere
partir
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he left
il est venu
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she left
elle est venue
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they left
ils sont venus
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when using avoir as the aux verb?
the subject and the participle need not agree
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when using etre as the aux verb?
the subject and the participle must agree
31
imparfait/imperfect past tense - refers to?
ongoing event or state in the past
eg: i was happy or i was young
or a repeated event eg: i used to watch
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-er verbs. imparfat?
drop the ending and add
-ais
-ais
-ait
-ions
-iez
-aient
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-re verbs. imparfait?
more complicated and can slightly change
prendre = je prenais
croire = je croyais
dire = je disais
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-ir verbs of 3rd group. imparfait?
same as -er verbs
-ais
-ais
-ait
-ions
-iez
-aient
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-ir verbs of 2nd group. imparfait?
do the same as 3rd group but add -iss before it
finir = je finissais
grandir = je grandissais
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when i was young, i would play often
quand j'etais jeune, je jouais souvent
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when to use imperfect over passe compose?
1- actions or states which occurred often and not just once
2- description of either emotional or physical states
3- any states or actions where the duration is ongoing but unknown
4- used alongisde passe compose in order to give more depth or information
5- polite suggestion and wishes
6- as part of a conditional clause
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could you help me? (tu)
pourrais-tu m'aider?
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future proche/ close future - meaning?
events that will most certainly happen
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how to create future proche?
combine aller conjugated to the person alongside the infinitive of the verb to be carried out in the near future
subject + aller + infinitive verb
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infinitive verb meaning?
any verb that is preceded by the word 'to' is an infinitive verb
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i'm going to go shopping
je vais faire les magasins
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they're going to go play basketball
ils vont jouer au basket
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are you going to the bookstore tomorrow? - tu
vas-tu aller a la librarire demain ?
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futur simple/ simple future tense ?
implies something will happen at some point in the future
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how to form futur simple ?
take the entire infinitive of a verb as the stem and then add
-ai
-as
-a
-ons
-ez
-ont
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how to form futur simple with -re verb?
remove the final -e then add as normal for futur simple
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etre and avoir futur simple ?
these have future stems of ser- and aur- respectively
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