2. Hydrologic Cycle

Question 1

What are the major sources of water?

Answer 1

Rainwater
Surface Water
Groundwater

Question 2

Approximately ____ of all water on the Earth is the ____.

Answer 2

97%; oceans

Question 3

The movement of water on the earth’s surface and through the atmosphere

Answer 3

Hydrologic Cycle

Question 4

Used to model the storage and movement of water between the biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere

Answer 4

Hydrologic Cycle

Question 5

is stored in the following reservoirs: atmosphere, oceans, lakes, glaciers, soils, snowfields, and groundwater

Answer 5

water

Question 6

Major components of hydrologic cycle (PIGETS)

Answer 6

 Precipitation
 Infiltration
 Evaporation
 Transpiration
 Surface runoff
 Groundwater

Question 7

Part of atmospheric moisture that falls back on the Earth surface

Answer 7

precipitation

Question 8

Primary input into the hydrologic cycle

Answer 8

precipitation

Question 9

is the chief source of moisture for precipitation

Answer 9

evaporation from ocean surfaces

Question 10

Condensation or sublimation of atmospheric moisture.
Brought about by one or more of the following reasons:

Answer 10

o Adiabatic cooling
o Mixing of air masses of varying temperatures
o Radiation cooling
o Contact cooling

Question 11

o Tiny liquid water droplets, 0.1-0.55 mm diameter
o Falls <1mm/hr

Answer 11

drizzle or mist

Question 12

Liquid water drops >0.5mm diameter

Answer 12

rain

Question 13

refers to amount of liquid precipitation

Answer 13

rainfall

Question 14

o Ice coating, generally clear and smooth, formed on exposed surfaces by the freezing or super-cooled water deposited by rain or drizzled
o Specific gravity 0.8-0.9

Answer 14

glaze

Question 15

o White, opaque deposit of ice granules separated by trapped air and formed by rapid freezing of super-cooled water drops
o Specific gravity 0.2-0.3

Answer 15

rime

Question 16

Composed of ice crystals, chiefly in complex, branched hexagonal form, and often agglomerated into snowflakes
o Average SG 0.1

Answer 16

snow

Question 17

o Balls of ice produced in convective clouds
o Hailstones - spheroidal, conical, or irregular in shape
o SG 0.8

Answer 17

hail

Question 18

o Transparent, globular, solid grains of ice formed by the freezing of raindrops or refreezing of melted ice crystals as it falls in a layer of subfreezing air near the surface

Answer 18

sleet

Question 19

Occurs when radiant energy from the sun heat water, causing water molecules to rise into the atmosphere as vapor

Answer 19

evaporation

Question 20

Transfer of water from bodies of surface water into the atmosphere

Answer 20

evaporation

Question 21

is water evaporating from the ground and transpiration by plants

Answer 21

evapotranspiration

Question 22

___ of atmospheric water comes from evaporation, while ____ is from transpiration

Answer 22

90%; 10%

Question 23

Portion of the precipitation that reaches the earth’s surfaces seeps into the ground

Answer 23

infiltration

Question 24

___ will depend upon soil or rock permeability

Answer 24

infiltration rate

Question 25

Infiltrated water may reach another compartment known as groundwater or ____

Answer 25

aquifer

Question 26

Water that doesn’t infiltrated the soil flows on the surface as ____

Answer 26

runoff

Question 27

Not all precipitated water returns to the sea as runoff; much of it _____ before reaching the ocean or reaching an aquifer

Answer 27

evaporates

Question 28

incorporates movement of water within the earth, wither within the recharge zone or aquifers

Answer 28

subsurface flow

Question 29

this water may return to the surface or eventually seep into the ocean after infiltrating

Answer 29

subsurface water