Mendelian Genetics

Question 1

Meiosis

Answer 1

A cell division where chromosome numbers are reduced by half and the daughter cells are destruct genetically from their parents.

Question 2

Mitosis

Answer 2

Stage in the cell cycle where 1 thing of DNA is equally distributed between 2 identical daughter cells.

Question 3

Genetics

Answer 3

Study of patterns in heredity and the variation of organisms.

Question 4

Cross pollination

Answer 4

Reproduction process in which pollen from one plant is transferred to the stigma of another plant.

Question 5

Allele

Answer 5

The letters that show the genes from mom or dad. Alternate versions of a trait.

Question 6

Homozygous

Answer 6

A gene pair where 2 alleles code for the same trait (same: dominant AA recessive aa)

Question 7

Law of segregation

Answer 7

States that pairs of genes separate in meiosis and each gamete receives a gene from each pair.

Question 8

Hapliod

Answer 8

Having only one chromosome of each homologous pair. (Half)

Question 9

Diploid

Answer 9

Cell that has both chromosomes of a homologous pair.

Question 10

Trait

Answer 10

A characteristic

Question 11

Dominant

Answer 11

An allele that ranks higher then another allele for the same characteristic.

Question 12

Genotype

Answer 12

Genetic makeup of an organism.

Question 13

Heterozygous

Answer 13

A gene pair where two alleles don’t code for the same trait (different Aa)

Question 14

Law of independent assortment

Answer 14

Law that states pairs of genes separate independently of one another in meiosis.

Question 15

Gametes

Answer 15

Reproductive cell (sperm, male: ova/egg cells, female)

Question 16

Heredity

Answer 16

Transmission of traits from parents to their offspring. (Mom has brown eyes and daughter has brown eyes)

Question 17

Self pollination

Answer 17

Pollination using the same flower, flowers from the same plant, or two plant’s genetically the same.

Question 18

Recessive

Answer 18

An allele that is ranked lower than another allele for the same characteristic.

Question 19

Phenotype

Answer 19

External appearance of an organism that is determined by the individuals genotype.

Question 20

Punnet square

Answer 20

A way to show all possible combinations of genes from 2 parents that can be passed down to offspring.

Question 21

Monohybrid cross

Answer 21

Crosses that deal with 1 trait

Question 22

Dihybrid cross

Answer 22

A cross of 2 pairs of genes.

Question 23

Incomplete dominance

Answer 23

Heterozygous individuals express both simultaneously with blending.

Question 24

Codominance cross

Answer 24

Heterozygous individual expresses both simultaneously without blending.