control of variables

Question 1

define extraneous variables

Answer 1

any variable other than the IV that may have an effect on the DV (if it isn’t controlled)

e.g age of participants

Question 2

what are the 2 types of extraneous variables

Answer 2

participant variables
situational variables

Question 3

define participant variables

Answer 3

individual difference between participants that may affect the DV

Question 4

define situational variables

Answer 4

features of the experimental situation that may affect the DV

Question 5

define confounding variables

Answer 5

systemically change with the IV (any other variable than the IV that may have affected the DV so we cannot be sure of the true reason for the DV changing)

Question 6

what is the “please you” effect

Answer 6

over perform to please the experimenter

Question 7

what is the “screw you” effect

Answer 7

under perform to sabotage the results

Question 8

define investigator effects

Answer 8

any effects of the researchers behaviour that could change the outcome of the results

Question 9

how do you control extraneous variables

Answer 9

standardisation - all participants are subject to the same experimental condition (environment, time)

Question 10

how do you control confounding variables

Answer 10

randomisation - using chance in order to control effect of bias in an experiment
(randomly allocating questions to participants)