1st recitation

Question 1

He is considered as the “Father of Probation” in England.

Answer 1

Mathew Davenport Hill

Question 2

Non-institutional corrections is also called ________.

Answer 2

Community-based treatment program or correction

Question 3

It was the first to adopt a county plan, where each county court was required to appoint a probation officer whose duty was to investigate the accused at the request of any court.

Answer 3

Vermont

Question 4

What is the exact Latin translation of Lex Talionis to English?

Answer 4

“Law of Retaliation/ Revenge/Vengeance”

Question 5

It is the fourth pillar of criminal justice system

Answer 5

Correction

Question 6

He was a Boston police captain who became America’s first paid probation officer in 1878.

Answer 6

Edward Savage

Question 7

Probation originated in _________.

Answer 7

England

Question 8

It was the fourth State to pass a general probation law in 1900.

Answer 8

New Jersey

Question 9

It was the third State to have a general type of probation law and it was known as The Act of 1899.

Answer 9

Rhode Island

Question 10

The forerunners of probation originally came from _______.

Answer 10

England

Question 11

The Supreme Court declared Act 4221 unconstitutional in the case of ____________.

Answer 11

People of the Philippines vs. Judge Jose Vera

Question 12

One of the purposes of this law is to provide equitable retribution for an offended party so a person who has injured another person receives the same injury in compensation.

Answer 12

Lex Talionis

Question 13

He was considered as the “First Official Probation Officer.”

Answer 13

John Augustus

Question 14

He introduced the following beliefs in relation to offenders:
a) Individuals are not fully corrupt;
b) There is reasonable hope of reformation of offenders; and
c) If adults were given the chance as guardians of young convicts, they will be kind enough to take charge of the latter.

Answer 14

Mathew Davenport Hill

Question 15

It was the sixth State to establish its general probation law in 1903.

Answer 15

California

Question 16

On _____________, the Supreme Court declared Act 4221 unconstitutional.

Answer 16

November 16, 1937

Question 17

It was the second State to enact a general probation law.

Answer 17

Vermont

Question 18

He coined the word “probation.”

Answer 18

John Augustus

Question 19

It was the principal method of disposing offenders to other countries.

Answer 19

Transportation (Galleys)

Question 20

It became the first state to enact a probation law on April 21, 1878 under the administration of Governor Alexander H. Rice.

Answer 20

Massachusetts

Question 21

He was a director of the Massachusetts Board of State Charities. He reported the result of probation in cases of juvenile offenders to the legislature, so the latter authorized the city of Boston to appoint probation officer for adult offenders.

Answer 21

Gardner Tufts

Question 22

It is charged with reforming, correcting and rehabilitating offenders.

Answer 22

Correction

Question 23

In this century, English Magistrates initiated experiments to determine the possibility of reformation of some young and inexperienced offenders from the stigma of prison.

Answer 23

Early 19th Century in England

Question 24

These laws also vested balance of justice by introducing money compensation to the victim. This was where fines and restitution came from.

Answer 24

Laws of Babylon, Greece, and Rome

Question 25

“Probation” was derived from the Latin word _______ which means ________.

Answer 25

probare, “to prove or to test”

Question 26

Probation Office is now called ________.

Answer 26

Parole and Probation Administration

Question 27

These laws introduced the principle of “An Eye for an Eye and the Tooth for a Tooth.”

Answer 27

Laws of Babylon, Greece, and Rome

Question 28

He was known later as the “Father of Probation in the USA” but others say that he is the “World’s Father of Probation.”

Answer 28

John Augustus

Question 29

PD 968 was enacted on ______.

Answer 29

July 24, 1976

Question 30

It is the act of reforming offenders by other means outside institutions.

Answer 30

Non-Institutional Corrections

Question 31

It is considered as the direct ancestor of Probation.

Answer 31

Recognizance

Question 32

Act 4221 was enacted on ___________.

Answer 32

August 7, 1935

Question 33

It was the fifth state to have a general probation law.

Answer 33

New York

Question 34

During this time, youthful offenders would be brought back for sentence if the condition of release would be violated.

Answer 34

Early 19th Century in England

Question 35

It is known by majority of the authors in the field of criminology as the weakest pillar of criminal justice system.

Answer 35

Correction

Question 36

He was a former Congressman of 1st District Bulacan, a former Napolcom Chairman, author of drugs act of 1972 and Disability Act, and founder of probation in the Philippines. He is also known as the “Father of Probation in the Philippines.”

Answer 36

Teudulo Natividad

Question 37

It was a temporary withholding of sentence used by early English judges.

Answer 37

Judicial Reprieve

Question 38

It was further abolished by virtue of RA No. 9346.

Answer 38

Death Penalty

Question 39

It is the act of reforming offenders by means of institutions.

Answer 39

Correctional Institutions

Question 40

This law created a Probation Office under the Department of Justice and provided probation for first time offenders who were 18 years of age and above who were convicted of certain crimes.

Answer 40

Act 4221

Question 41

It is where the first practical probation was demonstrated.

Answer 41

Massachusetts

Question 42

It was the first State to adopt the designation “counsellor” rather than “officer.”

Answer 42

Rhode Island

Question 43

PD 968 is known as the _________.

Answer 43

Adult Probation Law of 1976

Question 44

The earliest device for softening the brutal severity of punishment was the ______________.

Answer 44

Benefits of Clergy

Question 45

It is where the first use of the term probation as a court service and the first law on probation was enacted.

Answer 45

Massachusetts

Question 46

In Lex Taliones, the severity of the penalty of the offender depends upon the ___________.

Answer 46

Severity of the crime

Question 47

In 1899, these states enacted laws giving probation to juvenile delinquents only.

Answer 47

Minnesota and Illinois

Question 48

Act 4221 is known as the _______________.

Answer 48

First Probation Law in the Philippines