Derm Terms

Question 1

What are some properties of the skin?

Answer 1

protective properties
slightly acid–>antibacterial
synthesizes vitamin D (UVB hitting skin)
photo reactions to drug therapy (via UVA)

Question 2

What does a phototoxic reaction look like on the skin?

Answer 2

exaggerated sunburns

Question 3

Describe the anatomy of the skin.

Answer 3

very thin
as cells move up they die
lipids present on outer layer

Question 4

What determines pliability of the skin?

Answer 4

moisture
dry skin: starts to crack
moisturized: pliable

Question 5

What are each of the following important for: epidermis, sebaceous gland, sweat gland, and melanocytes

Answer 5

epidermis: dry skin, aging, being a barrier
sebaceous gland: acne, seborrhea
sweat gland: heat-related illness
melanocytes: melanoma, vitiligo, suntan

Question 6

Which structures are found in the dermis and hypodermis?

Answer 6

dermis: hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands
hypodermis: subcutaneous tissue, connective and adipose tissue

Question 7

Which component of the skin is responsible for sensations of itch, stinging, and pain?

Answer 7

dermis

Question 8

What are the two types of sweat glands? Where do you find these sweat glands?

Answer 8

eccrine (all over the body) and apocrine (under arms and anogenital area)

Question 9

What could be a symptom of psoriasis on the toenails?

Answer 9

tiny little pits on the toenail

Question 10

What is considered to be the biggest barrier to overcome for drug delivery on the skin? What happens if this barrier is compromised?

Answer 10

stratum corneum
if it is compromised then absorption increases

Question 11

What are the factors affecting drug absorption on the skin?

Answer 11

skin hydration (moist is better)
pH of drug and vehicle
thickness of application (depends on use)
temp of skin (heated skin increases absorption)
damaged skin

Question 12

If an area is scaly and appears chronic, what is your recommendation?

Answer 12

ointment

Question 13

How do you measure a fingertip unit?

Answer 13

from the end of the finger to the first crease in the finger

Question 14

How much area of skin does one FTU cover?

Answer 14

twice the size of a flat adult hand

Question 15

Which lesions go together in the same groups?

Answer 15

vesicles, blistering, bullae
erythema, wheal, papule, pustule, abscess
crusting, scales, plaque, patch
excoriation

Question 16

A patient shows you their skin and there is blistering, clear fluid underneath the blisters, and the skin is above the plane. They also say they think it is due to an allergic reaction or a chemical from work. What is the most likely lesion present here?

Answer 16

vesicles, blistering, or bullae

Question 17

A patient has a very red spot on their skin. They tell you that they started using a new deodorant. What is the most likely lesion present here? What are some other causes of this lesion?

Answer 17

erythema
other causes of erythema: shaving, infectious process, allergy

Question 18

What causes a wheal? What does it look like?

Answer 18

reaction between histamine and allergen
little pimple-like bump at the site of irritation

Question 19

How many minutes of sunlight exposure produces enough vitamin D in a day?

Answer 19

20 minutes

Question 20

Which lesions are common in acne? What kind of process is occurring?

Answer 20

papule, pustule, nodule, cyst
inflammation and infectious processes

Question 21

Which lesion is in the realm of folliculitis? Where is the prime spot? Should you squeeze it?

Answer 21

abscess
prime spot is back of neck
squeezing it will do more damage than good

Question 22

What is impetigo?

Answer 22

bacterial infection on the face of young kids

Question 23

Which lesions present when skin conditions start to last longer?

Answer 23

scales, plaque, patch, lichenification

Question 24

Which lesions get above the plane of the skin?

Answer 24

scales and plaque

Question 25

What is lichenification?

Answer 25

the skin thickening over time to protect itself
body reacting to trauma?

Question 26

What is excoriation?

Answer 26

mechanical irritation that is consistent in area x and removing top parts of the skin which is exposing sub components
this causes epidermal water loss

Question 27

Which medical condition causes lower sensitivity in the feet? Which skin condition are these people more prone to?

Answer 27

diabetes
ulceration

Question 28

What is maculopapular rash? What is it applicable to?

Answer 28

a combination of macule and papule, the spots are flat and raised
applicable to drug therapy, measles, and sixth disease

Question 29

What is the thought process when a skin condition is presented?

Answer 29

un-medicated soothing lotion?
antibiotic or antifungal?
do nothing?
topical steroid?