Topic 1: Cells

Question 1

According to endosymbiotic theory, why was it beneficial for the host cell to keep the symbiont cell alive?

Answer 1

The symbiont provided the host cell with ATP

Question 2

When the volume of the cell increases by 8x…

Answer 2

The size of the cell doubles

Question 3

The ‘domain’ classification system classifies organism based on similarity and differences in…

Answer 3

rRNA (ribosomal) gene sequence

Question 4

Which classical kingdom contained primarily unicellular prokaryotic cells?

Answer 4

Monera

Question 5

Autotrophs….

Answer 5

Obtain carbon from inorganic molecules (CO2)

Question 6

Neither energy nor matter moves in or out in…

Answer 6

an isolated system

Question 7

Only example of an isolated system

Answer 7

The universe

Question 8

Evidence of endosymbiotic theory

Answer 8

mitochondria and cytoplasms divide by binary fission, just as prokaryotic cells do

Question 9

Evidence of endosymbiotic theory

Answer 9

Mitochondria and cytoplasm are about the same size and shape as typical prokaryotic cells

Question 10

Evidence of endosymbiotic theory

Answer 10

There are many symbiotic relationships between bacteria and eukaryotic cells today

Question 11

An organism that uses C6H12O6 as a source of energy and CO2 as its carbon source is…

Answer 11

a chemoorganoautotroph

Question 12

DNA in eukaryotic cells is….

Answer 12

organised into linear chromosomes

Question 13

The type of ribosomes that eukaryotic cells possess

Answer 13

80S ribosomes

Question 14

What three parts of a plant cell contain DNA?

Answer 14

the Nucleus, the Chloroplasts, and the Mitochondria

Question 15

ATP provides energy by…

Answer 15

chemical transfer of a phosphate group

Question 16

Organism that derives energy from H2 gas and synthesizes organic compounds from carbon-containing inorganic molecules

Answer 16

Chemolithoautotroph

Question 17

What did Linnaeus use to classify organisms?

Answer 17

Their morphological similarities

Question 18

Litho means….

Answer 18

Inorganic energy source

Question 19

Humans are….

Answer 19

Eukaryotes

Question 20

Phototrophs gain energy from….

Answer 20

Solar energy

Question 21

A similarity between mitochondria and chloroplasts

Answer 21

They both contain a circular DNA molecule

Question 22

Prokaryotic Chromosome is….

Answer 22

The circular DNA molecule in prokaryotes

Question 23

‘Prokaryote’ means….

Answer 23

‘Before curdling’

Question 24

The cytosol is made up of….

Answer 24

Ions and various organic molecules

Question 25

Relative to eukaryotes, prokaryotic cells are ________ in size

Answer 25

Smaller

Question 26

__________ have a lot more genetic and structural variety than _______

Answer 26

Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes

Question 27

Prokaryotic cells are smaller because…….

Answer 27

Their relatively large surface area is their primary way of obtaining nutrients

Question 28

Horizontal Gene Transfer occurs when…

Answer 28

A gene from one species becomes part of the genome of another species

Question 29

Luca is….

Answer 29

Last Unknown Common Ancestor

Question 30

‘Hetero’ in relation to trophic naming means…

Answer 30

Inorganic carbon source

Question 31

‘Litho’ when relating to trophic naming means…

Answer 31

Inorganic chemical/nutrient source

Question 32

I’m the 5-Kingdom Taxonomy, phylum is more/less specific than order

Answer 32

Less

Question 33

What distinguishes prokaryotes from eukaryotes?

Answer 33

A nucleus!

Question 34

According to thenEndosymbiotic Theory, eukaryotes are….

Answer 34

An archaea-Bacteria hybrid

Question 35

What are the three components of cell theory?

Answer 35

1) All organisms are composed of cells
2) The cell is the most basic functional unit of all living organisms
3) Cells come from other cells