Moving Around

Question 1

What types of stances are there?

Answer 1

Sprawling and Erect

Question 2

What dictates a sprawling stance?

Answer 2

Limbs coming out to the sides

Question 3

What dictates an erect stance?

Answer 3

Limbs under the organism

Question 4

What are the benefits of an erect stance?

Answer 4

Able to passively hold more body weight and fast locomotion

Question 5

What are the subgroups of an erect posture?

Answer 5

Cursorial limbs and Graviportal limbs

Question 6

What kind of postures are there?

Answer 6

Digitigrade (on toes), Unguligrade (on toenails) and Plantigrade (on flat feet)

Question 7

What are characteristics of cursorial limbs?

Answer 7

Elongated lower leg bones often have a digitigrade or unguligrade posture

Question 8

What are Obligate Biped?

Answer 8

Animals that can only walk on two limbs

Question 9

What are Obligate Quadrupeds?

Answer 9

Animals that can only walk on four legs

Question 10

What types of animals can walk on two or four legs?

Answer 10

Facultative bipeds or quadrupeds

Question 11

How did the common ancestor of dinosaurs walk?

Answer 11

they were an obligate biped

Question 12

What dinosaurs were obligate quadrupeds?

Answer 12

Sauropods, stegosaurs and ankylosaurs

Question 13

What muscle attaches the leg to the tail?

Answer 13

The caudofemoralis

Question 14

What is the attachment site for the caudofemoralis called?

Answer 14

The trochanter

Question 15

What is an ichnofossil?

Answer 15

Traces left behind by dinosaurs that have fossilized

Question 16

What is a group of fossilized tracks called?

Answer 16

A trackwway

Question 17

How do we know that bipedal dinosaurs walked horizontally to the ground?

Answer 17

Trackways rarely showed any tail marks

Question 18

How can we determine the speed at which dinosaurs moved?

Answer 18

Trackways and leg length

Question 19

What is an endotherm?

Answer 19

An animal that can make its own heat

Question 20

What is an ectotherm?

Answer 20

An animal that relies on the environment for heat

Question 21

What is the major disadvantage of being an endotherm?

Answer 21

It takes a lot of energy

Question 22

What type of temperature adaptation do large animals tend to have?

Answer 22

Endothermic

Question 23

What type of temperature adaptations did dinosaurs have?

Answer 23

Endothermic and possibly gigantothermic

Question 24

What allows gigantothermic organisms to live like endothermic ones?

Answer 24

The cube-square law that shows that they would lose a relatively low amount of heat to the outside