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MIDTERMS > HTP LAB M7- PARAFFIN WX EMBEDDING > Flashcards

HTP LAB M7- PARAFFIN WX EMBEDDING Flashcards

1
Q

Process by which the infiltrated tissue is placed into a precisely arranged position in a mould containing a medium which is then allowed to solidify

A

embedding (blocking/casting)

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2
Q

Process whereby clearing agent is completely removed from the tissue and replaced by a medium that will completely fill all the tissue cavities and will give a firm consistency to the specimen

A

Impregnation/ Infiltration

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3
Q

Medium used for infiltration is same medium used for ___

A

embedding

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4
Q

is done after complete infiltration

A

embedding

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5
Q

The side of tissue opposite that to be cut may be notched with a scalpel or marked with india ink by a pathologist

A

Inking

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6
Q

used by a pathologist to mark the tissue opposite to be cut ___ or ___

A

india ink or scalpel can also be used n

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7
Q

Tissues may be embedded in? (3)

A
  1. Paper boats
  2. L-shaped strips of metals (Leuckhart L-pieces)
  3. Plastic or metal embedding moulds
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8
Q

The embedding molds should bear the? (3)

A
  1. Case number
  2. Type of tissue
  3. other identification data of tissue block
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9
Q

Once tissues are embedded, they may store in a ___ place indefinitely until they are cut.

A

cool

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10
Q

Process by which a tissue is arranged in precise positions in the mould/ boat during embedding on the microtome before cutting and on the slide before staining

A

Tissue orientation

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11
Q

The technician’s ability to recognize tissue provides assurance that the sections will be embedded in the proper plane T/F

A

TRUE

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12
Q

relatively inexpensive and have almost entirely replaced the other types of embedding containers

A

plastic moulds

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13
Q

Four types of impregnation and embedding medium

A
  1. paraffin wax
  2. celloidin (collodion)
    3.Gelatin
  3. Plastic
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14
Q

Ideal infiltration and embedding medium should be:

A
  1. Soluble in processing fluids
  2. Suitable for sectioning and ribboning
  3. molten between 30 and 60 deg cel
  4. colorless
  5. stable
  6. homogenous
    7.capable of flattening after ribbon
  7. non-toxic
  8. odorless
  9. easy to handle
  10. inexpensive
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15
Q

simplest, most common , best embedding medium

A

paraffin

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16
Q

designed to fit the microtome vise eliminating the step of mounting the specimen on a block holder

A

plastic moulds

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17
Q

Generally, the surface of the section to be cut should be placed ___ to the ____ of the ___ in which it is oriented

A

parallel,bottom, mould/boat

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18
Q

What are the types of embedding molds

A
  1. Paper boats
  2. Plastic Ice trays
  3. Leuckhart’s embedding mold
  4. Plastic molds
  5. Plastic embedding ring
  6. Disposable molds
  7. Steel molds
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19
Q

oldest and widely used method in micro-technique studies

cheap, easy to make and allowing block to be stored without being removed

useful for cytological and histological studies

A

paper boat method

20
Q

used for hard embedding with the embedding medium resin wax

A

Ice tray method

21
Q

consists of two L-shaped strips of heavy brass or metal arranged on a flat metal plate and which can be moved to adjust the size of the mold to adjust with the size of the specimen

A

Leuckhart’s embedidng mold

22
Q

It is recommended for routine use but is too slow and cubersome for busy laboratories

A

Leuckhart mold

23
Q

is made up of series of interlocking plates resting on a flat metal base forming several compartments

advantage: embedding more specimens at a time reducing time for blocking

A

compound embedding unit

24
Q

Relatively inexpensive, convenient and support the block during sectioning and are designed to fit the tissue block on the microtome

disposable products

A

Plastic molds

25
Q

Embedding ring with stainless steel molds allow rapid embedding and cutting of tissues

A

Plastic embedding ring

26
Q

Plastic embedding ring example and disadvantage

A

Tek System
disadvantage: occupies a lot space

27
Q

Sheet of cellulose acetate is clamped over a mold, heated to softness by an electric heater and drawn down over the mold by means of vacuum

A

Disposable molds

28
Q

Provides cassettes to hold tissue during processing and has a stainless steel lid on the plastic cassette

A

steel molds

29
Q

Paraffin wax is solid at room temp but melts at temps between __ to ___

A

65 to 70 deg cel

30
Q

Most common for histological use paraffin wax melting point temp is __ to ___

A

56 to 58 deg cel

31
Q

Common advice in paraffin wax is to use it at about_____ its melting point

A

2 deg cel above its melting point

32
Q

3 ways which impregnation and imbedding may be performed

A

-manual processing
-automatic processing
-vacuum embedding

33
Q

Problems encountered during embedding

A
  1. Tissue block may crack or rupture its surface if right timing is not observed
  2. soft and small specimens may vary size of molds
  3. Improper sectioning of tissues
  4. materials may aggregrate in the center of the mold
  5. tissue switching may happen when mislabeling
34
Q

Embedding mixture contains:

A
  1. epoxy resin
  2. Plasticizer
  3. Flexibilizer
  4. Hardener
  5. Accelerator (catalyst)
35
Q

Prevents blocking from becoming too brittle and to improve sectioning properties

A

Plasticizer

36
Q

Reacts with epoxy resin and become part of the cross-link structure

A

Flexibilizer

37
Q

Influence by nature

A

hardener

38
Q

Other name for cellulose method

A

Nitrocellulose embedding method

39
Q

also influences hardness but variation in concentrations may cause blocks to be brittle and difficult to section

A

accelerator

40
Q

recommended for embedding hard tissues such as bones and teeth and whole organs like eye and brain

A

celloidin or nitrocellulose embedding method

41
Q

Process by which tissues are first embedded or fully infiltrated with a supporting medium such as agar or nitrocellulose then infiltrated a second time with paraffin wax in which they are subsequently embedded

A

Double-Embedding

42
Q

Provides superior results for light microscopy studies particularly in hard tissues such as undecalcified bone and for high resolution for light microscopy if tissues are thinner than __-___ microns

A

Plastic (Resin) Embedding

43
Q

Originally introduced for electron microscopy in the mid-1950s but have been superseded by more superior epoxides and now are seldom used

A

Polyester plastics

44
Q

Made up of esters of acrylic or methylacrylic acid and are used extensively for light microscopy

A

Acrylic plastics.

45
Q

Used as embedding medium for delicate specimens and frozen tissue sections because it prevents fragmentation of tough and friable tissues when frozen sections are cut

A

Gelatin impregnation

MIDTERMS (6 decks)

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