Chapter 12 - Nikolai Fickung

Question 1

11) ________ management includes all the activities managers engage in to attract and retain employees and to ensure that they perform at a high level and contribute to the accomplishment of organizational goals.
A) Benefits
B) Human resource
C) Recruitment and selection
D) Performance
E) Labor relations

Answer 1

Answer: B
Explanation: Human resource management includes all the activities managers engage in to attract and retain employees and to ensure that they perform at a high level and contribute to the accomplishment of organizational goals.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Human resource management
Learning Objective: 12-01 Explain why strategic human resource management can help an organization gain a competitive advantage.
Bloom’s: Remember
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 2

12) To identify top candidates for positions within her technology firm, Nina networks with engineering professors and hosts informational sessions on campuses across the country. Nina is performing
A) training and development.
B) labor relations.
C) recruitment and selection.
D) performance appraisal.
E) human resources management.

Answer 2

Answer: C
Explanation: Managers use recruitment and selection, the first component of an HRM system, to attract and hire new employees who have the abilities, skills, and experiences that will help an organization achieve its goals.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Recruiting
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 3

13) Applicants for positions at a product distribution site are required to demonstrate the ability to drive a forklift and operate the controls of various machines within the product packaging line. This is an example of the ________ component of an HRM system.
A) training and development
B) labor relations
C) recruitment and selection
D) performance appraisal
E) performance feedback

Answer 3

Answer: C
Explanation: Managers use recruitment and selection, the first component of an HRM system, to attract and hire new employees who have the abilities, skills, and experience that will help an organization achieve its goals.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Selection
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application

Question 4

14) Managers at Skye Enterprises assign each new recruit an experienced employee to serve as an on-the-job advisor. This is an example of the ________ component of an HRM system.
A) training and development
B) recruitment and selection
C) labor relations
D) performance appraisal
E) references

Answer 4

Answer: A
Explanation: After recruiting and selecting employees, managers use the second component of HRM, training and development, to ensure that organization members develop the skills and abilities that will enable them to perform their jobs effectively in the present and the future.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Training and development
Learning Objective: 12-03 Discuss the training and development options that ensure organizational members can effectively perform their jobs.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 5

15) The ________ component of an HRM system ensures employees have the knowledge and skills needed to perform their jobs effectively now as well as in the future.
A) recruitment and selection
B) labor relations
C) performance appraisal
D) performance feedback
E) training and development

Answer 5

Answer: E
Explanation: After recruiting and selecting employees, managers use the second component of the HRM system, training and development, to ensure that organization members develop the skills and abilities that will enable them to perform their jobs effectively in the present and in the future.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Training and development
Learning Objective: 12-03 Discuss the training and development options that ensure organizational members can effectively perform their jobs.
Bloom’s: Understand

Question 6

16) The ________ component of an HRM system serves a developmental purpose by providing employees valuable information about their strengths and weaknesses.
A) recruitment and selection
B) labor relations
C) performance appraisal and feedback
D) pay and benefits
E) training and development

Answer 6

Answer: C
Explanation: Feedback from performance appraisal serves a developmental purpose for members of an organization. When managers regularly evaluate their subordinates’ performance, they can provide employees with valuable information about their strengths and weaknesses and the areas in which they need to concentrate.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Performance feedback
Learning Objective: 12-04 Explain why performance appraisal and feedback are such crucial activities, and list the choices managers must make in designing effective performance appraisal and feedback procedures.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 7

17) The efforts of managers to develop and maintain constructive associations with the unions that represent their employees’ interests are referred to as
A) recruitment and selection.
B) labor relations.
C) performance appraisal and feedback.
D) pay and benefits.
E) training and development.

Answer 7

Answer: B
Explanation: Labor relations encompass the steps that managers take to develop and maintain good working relationships with the labor unions that may represent their employees’ interests.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Labor relations
Learning Objective: 12-06 Understand the role that labor relations play in the effective management of human resources.
Bloom’s: Remember

Question 8

18) ________ promotes the principle that men and women of all ages with varying abilities and from diverse cultures and backgrounds have the right to get a job.
A) Equal employment opportunity
B) Equal pay level
C) Human resource planning
D) Collective bargaining
E) Human resource management

Answer 8

Answer: A
Explanation: Equal employment opportunity (EEO) refers to the equal right of all citizens to the opportunity to gain obtain employment regardless of their gender, age, race, country of origin, religion, or disabilities.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Equal employment opportunity (EEO)
Learning Objective: 12-01 Explain why strategic human resource management can help an organization gain a competitive advantage.
Bloom’s: Remember
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 9

19) The ________ restricts mandatory retirement and especially benefits older employees.
A) Equal Pay Act
B) Civil Rights Act
C) Age Discrimination in Employment Act
D) Americans with Disabilities Act
E) Family and Medical Leave Act

Answer 9

Answer: C
Explanation: The Age Discrimination in Employment Act prohibits discrimination against workers over the age of 40 and restricts mandatory retirement.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Legislation
Learning Objective: 12-01 Explain why strategic human resource management can help an organization gain a competitive advantage.
Bloom’s: Remember
AACSB: Knowledge Application

Question 10

20) Breanna needs time off from work to care for a family member who is recovering from a serious illness. The ________ will support her in taking an unpaid leave for this purpose.
A) Occupational Safety and Health Act
B) Civil Rights Act
C) Family and Medical Leave Act
D) National Labor Relations Act
E) COBRA Act

Answer 10

Answer: C
Explanation: The Family and Medical Leave Act requires that employers provide 12 weeks of unpaid leave for medical and family reasons, including paternity and illness of a family member.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Legislation
Learning Objective: 12-01 Explain why strategic human resource management can help an organization gain a competitive advantage.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 11

21) ________ includes all the activities managers engage in to develop a pool of qualified candidates for open positions.
A) Labor relations
B) Collective recruiting
C) Selection
D) Recruitment
E) Job enlargement

Answer 11

Answer: D
Explanation: Recruitment includes all the activities managers engage in to develop a pool of qualified candidates for open positions.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Recruiting
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Remember

Question 12

22) ________ is the process by which managers decide the relative qualifications of job applicants and their potential for performing well in a particular job.
A) Training
B) Selection
C) Development
D) Performance appraisal
E) Feedback

Answer 12

Answer: B
Explanation: Selection is the process by which managers determine the relative qualifications of job applicants and their potential for performing well in a particular job.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Selection
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.

Question 13

23) Each year, Marcus reviews the organizational goals for the coming year. He evaluates the staff levels and skills needed relative to the capabilities of the existing organization. This evaluation is part of
A) job analysis.
B) human resource development.
C) human resource planning.
D) training and development.
E) job design.

Answer 13

Answer: C
Explanation: Human resource planning includes all the activities managers engage in to forecast their current and future human resource needs.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Human resource planning
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application

Question 14

24) What HRM activity would a manager perform to define staffing needs to meet future production goals?
A) supply forecasting
B) job analysis
C) training and development
D) demand forecasting
E) outsourcing

Answer 14

Answer: D
Explanation: Demand forecasts estimate the qualifications and numbers of employees an organization will need given its goals and strategies.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Demand forecast
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Remember

Question 15

25) As a part of a human resource planning process, managers reviewed data regarding the knowledge and skills of all current employees as well as a profile of characteristics available in the external market. The managers are engaging in
A) recruitment.
B) supply forecasting.
C) insourcing.
D) demand forecasting.
E) simulations.

Answer 15

Answer: B
Explanation: Supply forecasts estimate the availability and qualifications of current employees now and in the future, as well as the supply of qualified workers in the external labor market.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Human resource planning
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 16

26) Rather than hiring a receptionist, a real estate agency decided to use an administrative services company to contract someone for select days each week. This is an example of
A) job sharing.
B) external recruitment.
C) outsourcing.
D) temporary recruitment.
E) offshoring.

Answer 16

Answer: C
Explanation: Outsourcing is to use outside suppliers and manufacturers to produce goods and services.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Human resource planning
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application

Question 17

27) The process of identifying the tasks, duties, and responsibilities that make up a job and the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to perform the job is collectively
A) job design.
B) job selection.
C) job enrichment.
D) job appraisal.
E) job analysis.

Answer 17

Answer: E
Explanation: Job analysis is the process of identifying (1) the tasks, duties, and responsibilities that make up a job (the job description) and (2) the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to perform the job (the job specifications).
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Job analysis
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Remember
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 18

28) A(n) ________ details the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to perform the job.
A) job description
B) subjective appraisal
C) realistic job preview
D) job specification
E) objective appraisal

Answer 18

Answer: D
Explanation: Job analysis is the process of identifying (1) the tasks, duties, and responsibilities that make up a job (the job description) and (2) the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to perform the job (the job specifications).
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Job specification
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational

Question 19

29) Upon starting her new position, Brenda is given a ________ that details the tasks, duties, and responsibilities considered a part of her position.
A) job description
B) realistic job preview (RJP)
C) position analysis questionnaire (PAQ)
D) job specification
E) performance evaluation

Answer 19

Answer: A
Explanation: Job analysis is the process of identifying (1) the tasks, duties, and responsibilities that make up a job (the job description) and (2) the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to perform the job (the job specifications).
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Job description
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe

Question 20

30) ________ is the process used to find people who have not worked for the organization previously.
A) Development
B) Lateral recruiting
C) External recruiting
D) Needs assessment
E) Performance management

Answer 20

Answer: C
Explanation: When managers recruit externally to fill open positions, they look outside the organization for people who have not worked for the organization previously.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Recruiting
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Remember

Question 21

31) ________ refer(s) to a job change within an organization that entails no major change in responsibility or authority level.
A) A promotion
B) A lateral move
C) A demotion
D) Internal recruitment
E) Insourcing

Answer 21

Answer: B
Explanation: Employees recruited internally are either seeking lateral moves (job changes that entail no major changes in responsibility or authority levels) or promotions.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Recruiting
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Remember
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 22

32) Relative to external recruitment, internal recruitment
A) is more costly.
B) results in candidates with less relevant skills and knowledge.
C) takes less time.
D) provides managers a wider pool of candidates.
E) tends to be more effective in bringing fresh ideas to the organization.

Answer 22

Answer: C
Explanation: Internal recruiting is normally less time-consuming and expensive than external recruiting.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Recruiting
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 23

33) When interviewing job applicants, Marci shares the many perks of the organization but also mentions the challenges and potential pitfalls associated with the position. Marci’s assessment is an example of a(n)
A) EEO compliance.
B) 360-degree appraisal.
C) background check.
D) realistic job preview.
E) position analysis.

Answer 23

Answer: D
Explanation: Recruitment is more likely to be effective when managers give potential applicants an honest assessment of both the advantages and the disadvantages of the job and organization. Such an assessment is called a realistic job preview.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Recruiting
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Understand

Question 24

34) Ability and performances tests are useful tools for evaluating the potential of job applicants in performing particular jobs. These tests are part of the ________ process.
A) feedback
B) selection
C) appraisal
D) recruiting
E) training

Answer 24

Answer: B
Explanation: Selection is the process by which managers determine the relative qualifications of job applicants and their potential for performing well in a particular job. Tools include ability and performance tests among others.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Selection

Question 25

35) An organization requires all job applicants to provide details such as their name, age, educational qualifications, and previous work experience. What selection process tool is being used?
A) interview process
B) paper-and-pencil test
C) personality assessment
D) background information
E) reference-checking

Answer 25

Answer: D
Explanation: To aid in the selection process, managers obtain background information from job applications and from résumés. Such information might include the highest level of education obtained, college major and minor, type of college or university attended, years and type of work experience, and mastery of foreign languages.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Selection
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Question 26

36) Dylan has a standard set of questions he asks all applicants during an interview. What type of interview does Dylan conduct?
A) unstructured
B) situational
C) screening
D) structured
E) virtual

Answer 26

Answer: D
Explanation: In a structured interview, managers ask each applicant the same standard questions.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Selection
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application

Question 27

37) Gathering background information, performance tests, physical ability tests, and references are all examples of ________ tools.
A) selection
B) performance appraisal
C) subjective appraisal
D) quality assurance
E) objective appraisal

Answer 27

Answer: A
Explanation: There are several selection tools that help managers sort out the relative qualifications of job applicants and appraise their potential for being good performers in a particular job. These tools include background information, interviews, paper-and-pencil tests, physical ability tests, performance tests, and references.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Selection
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Understand

Question 28

38) During an interview, Dion is asked how he might respond in a meeting where two peers are at odds over how to solve a product issue. This is considered a(n) ________ interview question.
A) unstructured
B) situational
C) informal
D) structured
E) screening

Answer 28

Answer: B
Explanation: In situational interview questions, interviewees are presented with a scenario they are likely to encounter on the job and asked to indicate how they would handle it.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Selection
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Remember
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 29

39) An organization wants to ensure each applicant has the skills necessary to perform the job. What type of test should the organization administer?
A) behavioral
B) personality
C) trait
D) morale
E) ability

Answer 29

Answer: E
Explanation: Ability tests assess the extent to which applicants possess the skills necessary for job performance, such as verbal comprehension or numerical skills.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Employment tests
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Apply

Question 30

40) ________ tests measure the body strength and stamina of job applicants.
A) Ability
B) Physical ability
C) Trait
D) Personality
E) Performance

Answer 30

Answer: B
Explanation: For jobs requiring physical abilities, such as firefighting, garbage collecting, and package delivery, managers use physical ability tests that measure physical strength and stamina as selection tools.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Employment tests
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.

Question 31

41) Firefighters take a ________ test, meaning they perform job-specific tasks such as running up and down stairs, dragging weight, and climbing a wall.
A) physical ability
B) personality
C) trait
D) behavioral
E) performance

Answer 31

Answer: A
Explanation: For jobs requiring physical abilities, managers use physical ability tests that measure physical strength and stamina as selection tools.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Employment tests
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 32

42) Applicants for a law clerk position are given a topic and 15 minutes to research relevant legal strategies. They are evaluated on the usefulness of information discovered, and those results are used in the selection process. This is an example of a ________ test.
A) behavioral
B) personality
C) ability
D) paper-and-pencil
E) performance

Answer 32

Answer: E
Explanation: Performance tests measure job applicants’ performance on actual job tasks.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Employment tests
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 33

43) A job applicant is interviewed multiple times by different interviewers. In each case, the interviewers drew similar conclusions about the applicant. This interview process has high
A) validity.
B) reliability.
C) flexibility.
D) redundancy.
E) complexity.

Answer 33

Answer: B
Explanation: Reliability is the degree to which a tool or test measures the same thing each time it is administered. If the interviews are reliable, the interviewers should come to similar conclusions about an applicant’s qualifications.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Employment tests
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Apply
AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Question 34

44) A manager attempting to select an employment test that will most accurately assess the applicant’s likely performance on the job is primarily concerned with the _______ of the test.
A) validity
B) efficiency
C) reliability
D) equity
E) complexity

Answer 34

Answer: A
Explanation: Validity is the degree to which a tool measures what it purports to measure. For selection tools, it is the degree to which the test predicts performance on the tasks or job in question.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Validity
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Answer: A
Explanation: Validity is the degree to which a tool measures what it purports to measure. For selection tools, it is the degree to which the test predicts performance on the tasks or job in question.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Validity
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 35

45) Before creating training and development programs, managers should perform a ________ to determine which employees require training or development and what type of skills or knowledge they should acquire.
A) job analysis
B) feedback session
C) realistic job preview
D) needs assessment
E) subjective appraisal

Answer 35

Answer: D
Explanation: Before creating training and development programs, managers should perform a needs assessment to determine which employees need training or development and what type of skills or knowledge they need to acquire.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Training and development
Learning Objective: 12-03 Discuss the training and development options that ensure organizational members can effectively perform their jobs.
Bloom’s: Understand

Question 36

46) ________ focuses primarily on teaching employees how to perform their current jobs and helping them acquire the knowledge and skills needed to be effective performers.
A) Performance appraisal
B) Training
C) Development
D) Objective appraisal
E) Worker relations

Answer 36

Answer: B
Explanation: Training focuses primarily on teaching organization members how to perform their current jobs and helping them acquire the knowledge and skills they need to be effective performers.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Training and development
Learning Objective: 12-03 Discuss the training and development options that ensure organizational members can effectively perform their jobs.
Bloom’s: Remember
AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Question 37

47) To prepare organization managers for new responsibilities or challenges, an organization should focus on ________ activities.
A) training
B) evaluation
C) appraisal
D) job analysis
E) development

Answer 37

Answer: E
Explanation: Development focuses on building the knowledge and skills of organization members so they are prepared to take on new responsibilities and challenges and tends to be used more frequently with professionals and managers.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Training and development
Learning Objective: 12-03 Discuss the training and development options that ensure organizational members can effectively perform their jobs.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Question 38

48) ________ is often utilized for employee development but not for training.
A) Simulation
B) Classroom instruction
C) On-the-job training
D) Formal education
E) Role-playing

Answer 38

Answer: D
Explanation: Although both classroom instruction and on-the-job training can be used for development as well as training, development often includes additional activities such as varied work experiences and formal education. Role-playing and simulations are both types of classroom instruction.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Training and development
Learning Objective: 12-03 Discuss the training and development options that ensure organizational members can effectively perform their jobs.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Question 39

49) Due to the complexity and severe consequences of mistakes, air traffic controllers are required to undergo training in an artificial setting that closely mimics actual airport traffic conditions. This type of training is called
A) simulation.
B) apprenticeship.
C) on-the-job.
D) formal education.
E) role-playing.

Answer 39

Answer: A
Explanation: Simulations can be a part of classroom instruction, particularly for complicated jobs that require an extensive amount of learning and in which errors carry a high cost. In a simulation, key aspects of the work situation and job tasks are duplicated as closely as possible in an artificial setting.
Difficulty: 3 Hard
Topic: Training and development
Learning Objective: 12-03 Discuss the training and development options that ensure organizational members can effectively perform their jobs.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 40

50) Newly hired drivers for a beverage distributor participate in ________ training, by riding along with an experienced driver to familiarize themselves with routes, customer-receiving procedures, and inventory display practices.
A) simulation
B) classroom
C) on-the-job
D) developmental
E) role-playing

Answer 40

Answer: C
Explanation: In on-the-job training, learning occurs in the work setting as employees perform their job tasks. On-the-job training can be provided by coworkers or supervisors or can occur simply as jobholders gain experience and knowledge from doing the work.
Difficulty: 3 Hard
Topic: Training and development
Learning Objective: 12-03 Discuss the training and development options that ensure organizational members can effectively perform their jobs.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 41

51) To provide executives with a broad understanding of the production process, a company rotates high-performing individuals through roles in planning, development, and deployment before taking on the next level of responsibility. This reflects development through
A) varied work experiences.
B) formal education.
C) on-the-job training.
D) role-playing.
E) simulation.

Answer 41

Answer: A
Explanation: Top managers need to develop an understanding of and expertise in a variety of functions, products and services, and markets. To develop executives who will have this expertise, managers frequently make sure that employees with high potential have a wide variety of different job experiences, some in line positions and some in staff positions.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Training and development
Learning Objective: 12-03 Discuss the training and development options that ensure organizational members can effectively perform their jobs.
Bloom’s: Apply

Question 42

52) An organization offers a tuition reimbursement program to employees who have demonstrated the ability to take on new responsibilities and challenges. This organization is investing in developing employees through
A) mentoring.
B) on-the-job training.
C) formal education.
D) varied work experiences.
E) simulation.

Answer 42

Answer: C
Explanation: Many large corporations reimburse employees for tuition expenses they incur while taking college courses and obtaining advanced degrees. It is an effective way to develop employees who can take on new responsibilities and more challenging positions.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Training and development
Learning Objective: 12-03 Discuss the training and development options that ensure organizational members can effectively perform their jobs.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Question 43

53) ________ refers to a manager’s evaluation of a subordinate’s job performance and his or her contributions to the organization.
A) A 360-degree appraisal
B) Job analysis
C) Feedback
D) Performance testing
E) Performance appraisal

Answer 43

Answer: E
Explanation: Performance appraisal is the evaluation of employees’ job performance and contributions to the organization.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Performance appraisal
Learning Objective: 12-04 Explain why performance appraisal and feedback are such crucial activities, and list the choices managers must make in designing effective performance appraisal and feedback procedures.
Bloom’s: Remember
AACSB: Knowledge Application

Question 44

54) ________ is the process of a manager sharing evaluation information with a subordinate regarding contributions to the organization, giving the subordinate an opportunity to reflect on the evaluation, and working with the subordinate on a development plan.
A) A 360-degree appraisal
B) A trait appraisal
C) Performance feedback
D) A behavioral appraisal
E) Job enrichment

Answer 44

Answer: C
Explanation: Performance feedback is the process through which managers share performance appraisal information with their subordinates, give subordinates an opportunity to reflect on their own performance, and develop, with subordinates, plans for the future.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Performance feedback
Learning Objective: 12-04 Explain why performance appraisal and feedback are such crucial activities, and list the choices managers must make in designing effective performance appraisal and feedback procedures.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 45

55) ________ appraisals are used by managers to assess subordinates on what they do on the job.
A) Sales
B) Behavior
C) Goal
D) Results
E) Trait

Answer 45

Answer: B
Explanation: Through behavior appraisals, managers assess how workers perform their jobs—the actual actions and behaviors that workers exhibit on the job. Whereas trait appraisals assess what workers are like, behavior appraisals assess what workers do.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Performance appraisal
Learning Objective: 12-04 Explain why performance appraisal and feedback are such crucial activities, and list the choices managers must make in designing effective performance appraisal and feedback procedures.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Question 46

56) When trait appraisals are used,
A) managers focus on the outcomes of work behaviors.
B) it is important that employees possess specific traits to ensure high job performance.
C) evaluations may be viewed as unfair or discriminatory by employees.
D) managers can give employees feedback to help significantly improve performance.
E) the characteristic traits are usually short-lived and change often.

Answer 46

Answer: C
Explanation: Because traits do not always show a direct association with performance, workers and courts of law may view them as unfair and potentially discriminatory.
Difficulty: 3 Hard
Topic: Performance appraisal
Learning Objective: 12-04 Explain why performance appraisal and feedback are such crucial activities, and list the choices managers must make in designing effective performance appraisal and feedback procedures.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 47

57) ________ appraisals assess what workers are like, while ________ appraisals assess what workers accomplish.
A) Trait; behavior
B) Behavior; results
C) Trait; results
D) Results; behavior
E) Behavior; trait

Answer 47

Answer: C
Explanation: Trait appraisal focus on what workers are like, behavior appraisals focus on what workers do, and results appraisals focus on what workers actually produce.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Performance appraisal
Learning Objective: 12-04 Explain why performance appraisal and feedback are such crucial activities, and list the choices managers must make in designing effective performance appraisal and feedback procedures.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 48

58) Two customer service employees have contrasting personalities and approach customer interactions quite differently. Their manager nonetheless appraises them comparably on the basis of customer feedback and issue resolution efficiency. This manager is using ________ appraisal.
A) results
B) trait
C) behavior
D) subjective
E) customer-based

Answer 48

Answer: A
Explanation: For some jobs, how people perform the job is not as important as what they accomplish or the results they obtain. With results appraisals, managers appraise performance by the results or the actual outcomes of work behaviors.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Performance appraisal
Learning Objective: 12-04 Explain why performance appraisal and feedback are such crucial activities, and list the choices managers must make in designing effective performance appraisal and feedback procedures.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application

Question 49

59) A sales manager working for a car dealership evaluates each one of his sales staff solely on the number of cars sold by each member in one month and not by the method used to make the sales. This is an example of a(n) ________ appraisal.
A) subjective
B) trait
C) personality
D) behavior
E) objective

Answer 49

Answer: E
Explanation: Objective appraisals are based on facts and are likely to be numerical.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Performance appraisal
Learning Objective: 12-04 Explain why performance appraisal and feedback are such crucial activities, and list the choices managers must make in designing effective performance appraisal and feedback procedures.
Bloom’s: Understand

Question 50

60) The behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS) and the behavior observation scale (BOS), which measure performance as perceived by a manager, are often used in ________ appraisals.
A) subjective
B) trait
C) objective
D) peer
E) self

Answer 50

Answer: A
Explanation: Subjective appraisals are based on managers’ perceptions of traits, behaviors, or results. Because subjective appraisals rest on managers’ perceptions, there is always the chance that they are inaccurate.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Performance appraisal
Learning Objective: 12-04 Explain why performance appraisal and feedback are such crucial activities, and list the choices managers must make in designing effective performance appraisal and feedback procedures.
Bloom’s: Remember

Question 51

61) In order to improve his performance and motivation, Sindhar is evaluated by his direct manager, customers, subordinates, and peers. This is an example of a(n) ________ appraisal.
A) relationship
B) objective
C) results
D) collaborative
E) 360-degree

Answer 51

Answer: E
Explanation: In a 360-degree appraisal, a variety of people, beginning with the manager and including peers or coworkers, subordinates, superiors, and sometimes even customers or clients, appraise a manager’s performance.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: 360-degree appraisal
Learning Objective: 12-04 Explain why performance appraisal and feedback are such crucial activities, and list the choices managers must make in designing effective performance appraisal and feedback procedures.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application

Question 52

62) Employees in an organization meet every June with their direct managers to receive performance appraisal and feedback information and learn of their respective pay raises prior to the July 1st start of a new fiscal year. This reflects a(n) ________ appraisal process.
A) impromptu
B) development
C) subjective
D) formal
E) unofficial

Answer 52

D : Explanation: A formal appraisal is an appraisal conducted at a set time during the year and based on performance dimensions and measures that were specified in advance.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Performance appraisal
Learning Objective: 12-04 Explain why performance appraisal and feedback are such crucial activities, and list the choices managers must make in designing effective performance appraisal and feedback procedures.
Bloom’s: Apply
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 53

63) ________ appraisals occur between managers and their subordinates whenever the need to discuss ongoing progress and areas for improvement arise.
A) Informal
B) 360-degree
C) Training
D) Development
E) Formal

Answer 53

Answer: A
Explanation: Managers and their subordinates meet in informal appraisals as the need arises to discuss ongoing progress and areas for improvement and also when feedback for a change in job duties, assignments, or goals change is required.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Performance appraisal
Learning Objective: 12-04 Explain why performance appraisal and feedback are such crucial activities, and list the choices managers must make in designing effective performance appraisal and feedback procedures.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 54

64) For a general sense of how one organization’s monetary incentives relate to other organizations in the same industry, managers can compare
A) pay levels.
B) pay structures.
C) performance appraisals.
D) benefit plans.
E) employee perks.

Answer 54

Answer: A
Explanation: Pay level is a broad comparative concept that refers to how an organization’s pay incentives compare, in general, to those of other organizations in the same industry employing similar kinds of workers.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Employee compensation
Learning Objective: 12-05 Explain the issues managers face in determining levels of pay and benefits.
Bloom’s: Remember
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 55

65) A(n) ________ clusters jobs into categories reflecting their relative importance to the organization and its goals, the levels of skill required, and other characteristics considered important by managers.
A) employee title
B) pay structure
C) job analysis
D) job description
E) pay level

Answer 55

Answer: B
Explanation: A pay structure clusters jobs into categories reflecting their relative importance to the organization and its goals, levels of skill required, and other characteristics managers consider important.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Employee compensation
Learning Objective: 12-05 Explain the issues managers face in determining levels of pay and benefits.
Bloom’s: Remember
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 56

66) ________ is an example of a benefit that is legally required and therefore not optional.
A) Life insurance
B) Unemployment insurance
C) Vacation time
D) Dental insurance
E) Subsidized day care

Answer 56

Answer: B
Explanation: Organizations are legally required to provide certain benefits to their employees, including workers’ compensation, Social Security, and unemployment insurance.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Employee benefits
Learning Objective: 12-06 Understand the role that labor relations play in the effective management of human resources.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Question 57

67) As foreman, part of Jaleel’s job is to monitor company adherence to union contracts and meet monthly with union representatives to work through any concerns facing the factory workers. This demonstrates Jaleel’s responsibility for
A) employee benefits.
B) labor relations.
C) performance feedback.
D) human resource planning.
E) performance appraisals.

Answer 57

Answer: B
Explanation: Labor relations are the activities managers engage in to ensure that they have effective working relationships with the labor unions that represent their employees’ interests.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Labor relations
Learning Objective: 12-06 Understand the role that labor relations play in the effective management of human resources.
Bloom’s: Remember
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 58

68) The ________ made it legal for workers to organize into unions.
A) Fair Labor Standards Act
B) Civil Rights Act
C) National Labor Relations Act
D) Occupational Safety and Health Act
E) Equal Employment Opportunity Act

Answer 58

C: Explanation: National Labor Relations Act of 1935 made it legal for workers to organize into unions to protect their rights and interests and declared certain unfair or unethical organizational practices to be illegal.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Labor relations
Learning Objective: 12-06 Understand the role that labor relations play in the effective management of human resources.
Bloom’s: Remember
AACSB: Knowledge Application

Question 59

69) When managers and union representatives work together to resolve conflicts associated with working conditions, hours, wages, and job security, they are participating in
A) performance evaluation.
B) job design.
C) human resource planning.
D) collective bargaining.
E) unionization.

Answer 59

Answer: D
Explanation: Collective bargaining is negotiation between labor unions and managers to resolve conflicts and disputes about important issues such as working hours, wages, working conditions, and job security.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Collective bargaining
Learning Objective: 12-06 Understand the role that labor relations play in the effective management of human resources.
Bloom’s: Remember
AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Question 60

70) A(n) ________, a neutral third party, is usually called in to resolve any conflict that may arise over the interpretation of a collective bargaining agreement contract.
A) mediator
B) management spokesperson
C) arbitrator
D) picketer
E) union representative

Answer 60

Answer: C
Explanation: Disagreement and conflicts can arise over the interpretation of the contract that spells out the terms of the collective bargaining agreement. In such cases, a neutral third party called an arbitrator is usually called in to resolve the conflict.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Collective bargaining
Learning Objective: 12-06 Understand the role that labor relations play in the effective management of human resources.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 61

71) In Celia’s company, employees enroll each year for the set of benefits that makes the most sense for their individual needs. This is referred to as a(n) ________ plan.
A) affordable benefit
B) government-mandated
C) customized benefit
D) collective bargaining
E) cafeteria-style

Answer 61

Answer: E
Explanation: In some organizations, cafeteria-style benefit plans let employees choose the benefits they want.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Cafeteria-style benefit plan
Learning Objective: 12-05 Explain the issues managers face in determining levels of pay and benefits.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 62

72) ________ management is the process managers use to design the components of an HRM system to be consistent with elements of the organization’s architecture and its goals and strategy.
A) Organizational design
B) Top-down human resource
C) Total organizational
D) Feedback
E) Strategic human resource

Answer 62

Answer: E
Explanation: Strategic human resource management is the process by which managers design the components of an HRM system to be consistent with each other, with other elements of organizational architecture, and with the organization’s strategy and goals.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Strategic human resource planning
Learning Objective: 12-01 Explain why strategic human resource management can help an organization gain a competitive advantage.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 63

73) When undertaking strategic human resource management,
A) benefits packages are more critical than pay structures.
B) managers must recognize that each component of an HRM system influences the others.
C) a distinct, independent system may be required for each business division.
D) every HRM system component applies to every organization in a similar way.
E) managers should focus on the highest priority competitive building block to define an HRM system.

Answer 63

Answer: B
Explanation: Each component of an HRM system influences the others, and all five must fit together.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Strategic human resource planning
Learning Objective: 12-01 Explain why strategic human resource management can help an organization gain a competitive advantage.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 64

74) Rafael applied for a construction job that entails climbing ladders and scaffolding, lifting and carrying heavy items, digging, and operating various tools. The construction company required Rafael to perform a(n) ________ test to confirm that he has the body strength and stamina required for the job.
A) behavioral
B) physical ability
C) trait
D) personality
E) performance

Answer 64

Answer: B
Explanation: For jobs requiring physical abilities, such as firefighting, garbage collecting, and package delivery, managers use physical ability tests that measure physical strength and stamina as selection tools.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Employment tests
Learning Objective: 12-01 Explain why strategic human resource management can help an organization gain a competitive advantage.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 65

75) When Katrina interviews applicants, she engages the applicant in an ordinary conversation and asks open-ended questions to get a feel for the applicants’ personality and interests. What type of interview does Katrina conduct?
A) unstructured
B) situational
C) behavioral
D) structured
E) formal

Answer 65

Answer: A
Explanation: An unstructured interview proceeds more like an ordinary conversation. The interviewer feels free to ask probing questions to discover what the applicant is like and does not ask a fixed set of questions determined in advance.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Selection
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Apply
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigatio

Question 66

76) A(n) ________ focuses on the evaluation of traits, behaviors, and results.
A) personality test
B) aptitude test
C) ability test
D) performance appraisal
E) physical ability appraisal

Answer 66

Answer: D
Explanation: Performance appraisal focuses on the evaluation of traits, behaviors, and results.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Performance appraisal
Learning Objective: 12-04 Explain why performance appraisal and feedback are such crucial activities, and list the choices managers must make in designing effective performance appraisal and feedback procedures.
Bloom’s: Remember
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 67

77) Melanie’s manager recently met with her to discuss her strengths and weaknesses. Melanie was told she was a valued member of the team and a candidate for expanding her knowledge and skills into different areas. This is an example of the ________ component of an HRM system.
A) recruitment and selection
B) labor relations
C) performance appraisal and feedback
D) pay and benefits
E) training and development

Answer 67

Answer: C
Explanation: Performance appraisal is the evaluation of employees’ job performance and contributions to the organization. Performance feedback is the process through which managers share performance appraisal information with their subordinates, give subordinates an opportunity to reflect on their own performance, and develop, with subordinates, plans for the future.

Question 68

78) Management candidates for an online retailer participate in a program where they spend time working in a website development office, customer service center, warehouse, and corporate headquarters. This opportunity is an example of employee
A) development.
B) training.
C) benefits.
D) selection.
E) mentoring.

Answer 68

Answer: A
Explanation: Varied work experiences broaden employees’ horizons and help them think about the big picture as one type of employee development.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Training and development
Learning Objective: 12-03 Discuss the training and development options that ensure organizational members can effectively perform their jobs.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 69

79) The ________ prohibits child labor and provides for minimum wages, overtime pay, and maximum working hours to protect workers’ rights.
A) Equal Pay Act
B) Fair Labor Standards Act
C) Family and Medical Leave Act
D) Title VII of the Civil Rights Act
E) Civil Rights Act

Answer 69

Answer: B
Explanation: In 1938 the government passed the Fair Labor Standards Act, which prohibited child labor and provided for minimum wages, overtime pay, and maximum working hours to protect workers’ rights.
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Labor relations
Learning Objective: 12-06 Understand the role that labor relations play in the effective management of human resources.
Bloom’s: Remember
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 70

80) A school district claimed that it could not increase teacher wages because of financial shortfalls, despite the efforts of union leaders to negotiate a deal. After months of conflict, the union threatened to strike, which led to an arbitrator being enlisted to resolve the situation. This is an example of
A) mediation.
B) equal employment opportunity.
C) collective bargaining.
D) grievance procedures.
E) organized labor.

Answer 70

Answer: C
Explanation: Collective bargaining is negotiation between labor unions and managers to resolve conflicts and disputes about issues such as working hours, wages, benefits, working conditions, and job security.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Collective bargaining
Learning Objective: 12-06 Understand the role that labor relations play in the effective management of human resources.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 71

81) Relative to labor unions in the 1950s, U.S. workers today
A) are required to join a union.
B) benefit less from joining a union.
C) are more likely to strike.
D) are less likely to join a union.
E) are unable to join unions.

Answer 71

Answer: D
Explanation: The percentage of U.S. workers represented by unions today is smaller than it was in the 1950s, an era when unions were especially strong.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Labor relations
Learning Objective: 12-06 Understand the role that labor relations play in the effective management of human resources.

Question 72

82) The interviewer for an administrative support position generates great enthusiasm for the job and office culture, which makes it easy to fill the position. Unfortunately, new hires have consistently resigned after working just a few weeks. This is due to the interviewing process lacking a(n)
A) realistic job preview.
B) personality test.
C) varied work experience.
D) references check.
E) performance test.

Answer 72

Answer: A
Explanation: An honest assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of a job and an organization are referred to as a realistic job preview (RJP). Recruitment is likely to be more effective when managers give potential applicants an RJP.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Recruiting
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Apply

Question 73

83) Managers will generally know their human resource needs and the jobs to be filled after completing a(n)
A) internal audit.
B) job analysis.
C) employee appraisal.
D) trait appraisal.
E) position study.

Answer 73

Answer: B
Explanation: After managers have completed human resource planning and job analyses for all jobs in an organization, they will know their human resource needs and the jobs they need to fill.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Job analysis
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 74

84) When forecasting human resource needs is difficult and fluctuations are expected over time, managers may choose to
A) add sufficient resources to create a buffer.
B) increase employee benefits.
C) outsource some human resource needs.
D) acquire a company with desirable resources.
E) invest in cross-training employees.

Answer 74

Answer: C
Explanation: Outsourcing can give managers increased flexibility, especially when accurately forecasting human resource needs is difficult, human resource needs fluctuate over time, or finding skilled workers in a particular area is difficult.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Human resource planning
Learning Objective: 12-02 Describe the steps managers take to recruit and select organizational members.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Question 75

85) During his yearly performance review, Jed’s manager refers to him as “conscientious, ambitious, and hard-working.” This reflects a(n) ________ appraisal.
A) objective
B) behavior
C) feedback
D) results
E) trait

Answer 75

Answer: E
Explanation: When trait appraisals are used, managers assess subordinates on personal characteristics that are relevant to job performance, such as skills, abilities, or personality.
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Topic: Performance appraisal
Learning Objective: 12-04 Explain why performance appraisal and feedback are such crucial activities, and list the choices managers must make in designing effective performance appraisal and feedback procedures.
Bloom’s: Understand
AACSB: Knowledge Application
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation