Gruppe 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Hvilet elementer findes i gruppe 1?

A

Lithium (Li), Natrium (Na), Kalium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Caesium (Cs), Francium (fr), Hydrogen (H))
Huske regel: Hans Ligger Naturligvis Konstant og Råboller Cæsar på Fransk

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2
Q

Type af stoffer i gruppe 1 (Se bort fra H)

A

AlkaliMetaller

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3
Q

Smeltepunkt trend gennem gruppen

A

Falder gennem gruppen. Li 180˚, Na 99˚, K˚, Rb˚, Cs˚

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4
Q

Densitet trend i gruppe 1 (bortset fra H)

A

Stiger ned gennem gruppen: Li 0,53, Na 0,97, K 0,86, Rb 1,53, Cs 1,87

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5
Q

Iom radii (ikke H), enhed pm

A

Stiger ned gennem gruppen: Li 90, Na 116, K 152, Rb 166, Cs 181

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6
Q

Standard reduktion potentiale

A

Meget reaktiv, stiger fra Na: Li -3,05, Na -2,71, K -2,92, Rb -2,99, Cs -3,02
Jo mere negativ, jo mere reaktiv

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7
Q

Hovedelektron konfiguration

A

nS^1

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8
Q

Typiske bindinger i gr. 1 (ikke H)

A

Generelt ioniske bindinger, Li har dog ofte delvis kovalent karakter

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9
Q

Hydratiserede? Gruppe 1 (ikke H)

A

Normalt ikke pga. lav ladningstæthed. Li+ har højst hydratiseringsenthalpi og danner nogle hydrater

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10
Q

Opløselighed i vand, gruppe 1 (ikke H)

A

Generelt let opløseligt, undtagelser:
For K+ og NH4+: M3[Co(No2)6]
For Na+: Na[Sb(OH)6]

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11
Q

Hydraserings enthalpi, gr. 1

A

Falder gennem gruppen
Li+ 519
Na+ 406
K+ 322
Rb+ 301
Cs+ 276

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12
Q

Natrium fremstilling

A

Downs proces
Elektrolyse af smeltet NaCl-NaCl2
Katoden, reduktion: Na^+ e^- -> Na(l)
Anode, oxidation: 2Cl^- -> Cl2 +2e

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13
Q

NaOH fremstilling

A

Elektrolyse af vandig NaCl opløsning
Anode: 2Cl^- -> Cl2 + 2e^-
Katode: 2 H2O +2 e^- -> H2 + 2 OH^-
OH går sammen med Na

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14
Q

Lithium’s undtagelser

A

Eneste alkalimetal der reagere med nitrid

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