7.3 Integumentary System

Question 0

Sebaceous glands

Answer 0

open onto hair follicles; produce sebum which keeps the skin and hair from being dry & brittle.

Question 1

Sudoriferous glands

Answer 1

coiled tubes that extend through the dermis; open to the skin surface via pores

Question 2

Alopecia

Answer 2

baldness; permanent loss of hair on the scalp

Question 3

Protection (function 1:7)

Answer 3

serves as a barrier to UV (ultra-violet) rays and pathogens; retains moisture.

Question 4

Sensory perception (function 2:7)

Answer 4

nerves in skin help response to pain, pressure, temperature and touch.

Question 5

Body temperature regulation

Answer 5

(FUNCTION 3:7) blood vessels dilate (open larger) to allow heat to escape via skin or constrict (narrow) to hold heat in the body.

Question 6

Storage (Function 4:7)

Answer 6

Skin tissues can store fat (adipose), glucose (water) subcutaneous

Question 7

Absorption (function5:7)

Answer 7

Transdermal medications can be from patches of medication placed on the skin .

Question 8

Excretion (Function 7:7)

Answer 8

Skin assist the body with elimination of wastes, I.e., salt, minute wastes (ex from urine), excess water water and heat via perspiration.

Question 9

Dermis

Answer 9

Inner layer of skin corium true skin connective tissue

Question 10

Subcutaneous fascia

Answer 10

Innermost layer of skin made of last fibrous connective & adipose tissue stations connect the skin to muscle

Question 11

Melanin

Answer 11

Brownish-black pigment in skin produce by melanocytes cells; gives Color.

Question 12

Albino

Answer 12

A person who lacks melanin/ color pigments. Has pinkish skin, pale yellow or white hair.

Question 13

Erythema

Answer 13

A reddish color to skin either by burns or a congestion of blood in the vessels.

Question 14

Jaundice

Answer 14

Yellow color in the skin results from bile in the bloodstream from gallbladder disease or liver disease. May also occur with destruction of a red blood cell.

Question 15

Cyanosis

Answer 15

Blue discoloration to skin due to insufficient oxymgen; due to chronic poisoning usually causes a brown or gray skin discoloration.

Question 16

Macules

Answer 16

Macular rash flat spots on skin. (Ex.,freckles)

Question 17

Pustules

Answer 17

Pus(micro-organism lymph fluid)- filled sacs, such as this seen in acne, pimples or impetigo.

Question 18

Crust

Answer 18

Areas of dried pus and blood, commonly called scabs.

Question 19

Wheals

Answer 19

Itchy, elevated/ raised areas with an irregular shape insect bites

Question 20

Ulcer

Answer 20

Deep loss of skin that may extend down into the dermis of the skin.

Question 21

Acne vulgaris

Answer 21

Hormonal changes & increase sebum cause blackheads, papules and pustules on the skin surface

Question 22

PRODUCTION (FUNCTION 7:7)

Answer 22

Skin uses UV (ultraviolet) rays from the sun to form an initial molecule of Vitamin D (which then matures in the liver).

Question 23

ATHLETE’S FOOT

Answer 23

Fungus infection that usually affects the feet (may also cause “jock itch” between the scrotum and the body). Skin reddens, itches, blisters and cracks open into sores. Must treat with anti-fungal medication; prevent by keeping areas clean and DRY.

Question 24

SKIN CANCER

Answer 24

Basal cell carcinoma (in basal cells of epidermis). Squamous cell carcinoma begins in the epidermis and spreads. Melanoma starts in the melanocytes of the epidermis. (most dangerous type)

Question 25

DERMATITIS

Answer 25

Inflammation of the skin; caused by any substance that irritates the skin. ex., poison ivy, poison sumac and poison oak.

Question 26

ECZEMA

Answer 26

Noncontagious, inflammatory skin disorder; cause: allergen or irritant. Symptoms: dryness, edema, itching, vesicles, crusts and scaling.

Question 27

IMPETIGO

Answer 27

Highly contagious skin infection; usually caused by Streptococci or Staphylococci bacteria. Symptoms: erythema, oozing vesicles, pustules and yellow crusts. Treatment: antibiotics.

Question 28

PSORIASIS

Answer 28

noncontagious skin disease; periods of symptoms and remission of symptoms. May be hereditary cause. Symptoms: thick, red areas of skin covered with white or silver scales. No cure, but treatment: cortisone, UV light, scale removal.

Question 29

RINGWORM

Answer 29

(Tinea) Highly contagious fungal infection. (NOT a worm!) Symptom: flat or raised circular area with clear center and raised, itchy, scaly, crusty, outer ring. Treatment: anti-fungal.

Question 30

VERRUCAE

Answer 30

(Warts) – caused by virus. “Plantar” warts caused at pressure points on sole of foot.
Warts may go into remission and resurfaces during stress on the immune system. Treatment: removal by a variety of mean.