CC Grade 2 Flashcards

1
Q

BU vs BB
AsTsTd X-X (BU has 57% equity before check)

Which term of the following best describes what happens to BU’s range when he checks behind?

Weakens
Condenses
Is Capped
Keeps Range Advantage
Keeps Nut Advantage
Polarizes

A

Is capped

a) weakens not true. Equity still remains 56%.
b) true. condenses moves hands towards middle. true. more weighted towards middling hands like QQ JJ etc. more passive than aggressive
c) true. trips you don’t have to bet etc. but it doesn’t mean he can’t have a T
d) true. maintain equity advantage.
e) false, shed out nut combos by condensing
f) false. opposite of condenses so polarize false.

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2
Q

BU vs BB
AsTsTd X-X (BU has 57% equity before check)

Interpreting lines: We can say that X line skews Y range towards Z hand-type when X is taken more with Z than with most other hand-types.

Interpret in the style above the line of checking.

A

We can say that checking skews BU range towards medium equity hands when checking is taken more with medium equity hands than most other hand types

If line is aggressive instead of passive it skews them away from those hands.

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3
Q

How would you classify BU’s flop check in the following hand, meaning what does it do to his range?

BU vs BB
AsTsTd X-X (BU has 57% equity before check)

A

Mild condensing removes less middling hands than good and bad thus pushing equity to middle.

After mild condensing, IP range has similar equity to what it had before chekcing. That will change again when OOP bets or checks the next node.

BU now has less hands like
QcTc frequent bet can slowplay,
Qh7h, bad hand meant to bet more than global frequency

BU now has more hands like Ac4c, which is optional value bet

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4
Q

BEST METAPHOR

The Weapons Metaphor, imagine you have a bag of weapons you need to reach into where hands are analogous to the weapon you would grab at random from the bag.
BU Lands on Flop with three rough categories of hand on this flop:

BU vs BB
AsTsTd X-X (BU has 57% equity before check)

What does BB land with?

A

BU lands with:
Power 1: Bag of Wooden Spoons (sub king-high)
Power 2: Bag of Knives (Ax or underpair or good K-high)
Power 3: Bag of Guns (trips of better)

BB lands with
Power 1: Bigger bag of wooden spoons
Power 2: Bag of less knives
Power 3: Bag of less guns.

OOP has far more bad hands than IP main factor for less equity. Large range disadvantage across power 1.
OOP has less decent hands. IP has a knife vs OOP’s spoon. OOP has moderate range disadvantage across power 2.
OOP has only very slight disadvantage over Power 3 meaning that the Nute Advantage is more or less neutral.

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5
Q

Global betting frequency is determined by what?

A

Range advantage.

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6
Q

Bet sizing is determined by what?

A

Nute advantage.

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7
Q

In a delayed c-bet opportunity like the following, does range advantage belong to IP or OOP?

BU vs BB
AsTsTd X-X (BU has before check 57% equity)
3h

A

Range advantage remains with IP as checking behind is mildly condensing.

Note: this is not a node for IP.

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8
Q

Why does unfavorable world encourage not bluffing with very low EV bluffs.

A

Fold equity is way less against advantaged villain here. You don’t bluff your low EV bluffs in unfavorable worlds, because you put those in your check-fold range to strengthen your betting

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9
Q

Is it a mistake to check air in very favorable worlds?

A

yes.

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10
Q

BU vs BB
AsTsTd X-X (BU has 57% equity)
3h ?
Probing the turn, what’s the strategy for ?

A

Overbets B150 mid frequency. it would be blunder to bet Jh6h in this awful realm for our range. FE is less than breakeven point for that hand. FAVORABILITY ENCOURAGES BEING STRICT. IP folds 59% against B150.

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11
Q

EV is much higher than equity for IP in delayed cbet line for which reason?

A
  1. positional advantage
  2. nut advantage
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12
Q

BU vs BB
AsTsTd X-X (BU has 57% equity)
3h X-?

Delayed c-betting, what is the favorability like and what strategy/size do we choose to bet?

A

Situation is highly favorable and able to even bet 86s at some frequency. in less favorable spots these low EV hands will be pure check. MAKE SURE TO BLUFF A LOT OF AIR IN FAVORABLE WORLDS

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13
Q

When BU cbets the flop and BB calls, what type of action is this in terms of filtering for BB?

A

It is a HEAVILY CONDENSING action.

Heavy because exclusively worst hands that fold.

Light condensing is where some very bad hands are checked at reasonable frequency.

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14
Q

Is a turn barrel a favorable spot? Is fold equity higher or lower than pot odds norm here?

BU vs BB
AsTsTd X-B-C (BU has 57% equity)
3h X-?

A

spot IP EV= 52.6% of pot- slightly favorable

Pot odds norm is 42% fold equity, the fold 44% which is close. No abundance of fold equity we do not bluff the very worst candidates often like Jd5d, Qd4d

do bluff reasonable candidates like 9h6h.

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15
Q

Polar is a gradeable adjective.

Word hairy is true to a small or large extent. Gradeable adjective.
Boiling is true or false.

What is Clarke’s Theorem? (has to do with polarization of villain and resulting response)

A

the more polarized villain’s range is compared to yours, the smaller your bet sizing should be and the less often you should raise.

the more condensed villain’s range is compared to yours, the larger your bet sizing should be and the more often you should raise.

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16
Q

When villain’s range is more polar compared to yours:
a) should your bet sizing be smaller or larger?
b) should you raise more or less often?

A

the more polarized villain’s range is compared to yours, the smaller your bet sizing should be and the less often you should raise.

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17
Q

Monotone flop, do you want to bet big?

A

No, neutral flop. Not too polarized compared to each other, so you bet small.

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18
Q

When villain’s range is more condensed compared to yours:
a) should your bet sizing be smaller or larger?
b) should you raise more or less often?

A

larger your bet sizing should be and the more often you should raise.

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19
Q

Four straight board BU vs BB
5s4s3d X-B33-C
6h X-?

who’s more polarized?

A

small bets since BTN is not in favorable world

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20
Q

Paired Board BU vs BB
Js9d7c X-B33-C
9h X-?

Who’s more polarized?

A

Nut advantage not as good anymore due to turn but we still have overpairs, betting medium bet size since nut advantage is still good enough.

Nut advantage so go larger, more frequently. can’t bet giant.

Flush turn and paired turn reduce nut advantage by similar margin.

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21
Q

What types of turns reduce polarization gap for IP cbettor by a similar margin? e.g. in BU vs BB double barrel spot

A

Paired or flush turns Flush turn and paired turn reduce polarization gap by similar margin.

big bets but not overbets as a result since not HUGE nut advantage.

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22
Q

brick turn BU vs BB
KsQd2c X-B33-C
6s X-?

who’s more polarized?

A

villain is very condensed and remains so on this turn. overbet is mandatory (turn overbets can’t be ignored unless you overbet river instead, otherwise -EV to remove overbets from range since villains don’t raise turn or river enough to hit our investment ceiling)

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23
Q

Bluffing: more jargony definition.

When are elements of bluffing present?

When you can, can’t, and must bluff? Define?

A

When hero’s bet would fold outa significant amount of hands that have a great deal of equity vs Hero’s hand

Hero can’t bluff if no elements of bluffing present
e,g, having 99 on turn on KQ54

Hero can bluff if elements of bluffing present AND EV of check not likely higher than betting
e.g. no SDV gutter on turn

Hero MUST bluff when elements of bluffing present and EV of bet is likely higher than EV check
e.g. favorable worlds. on river w/ air in a spot where we have range advantage

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24
Q

Value betting: more jargony definition

When are elements of value present?

When you can, can’t, and must bet?

A

Elements of value when hero’s hand would have a decent amount of equity vs Villain’s range after his bet gets called

Hero can’t value bet if no elements of value present
e.g. K-high on flop

Hero can value bet if elements of value present and EV of check is not likely higher than beting
e..g. good top pair on the flop

Hero must value bet if elements of value present and EV of bet is likely to be higher than EV of check.
e.g. mostly IP when most urgent to potbuild, really only w/ top of range IP facing a check or when OOP facing a bet. lesser hands tend to be optional. but good example is on river in favorable world, last chance for value.

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25
Q

What is so different about delayed cbet vs double barrel opportunity across turn cards?

delayed cbet:
AsTsTd
compare 3h turn, Kc turn, & 7s turn

double barrel after IP B33 and OOP call
AsTsTd
compare 3h turn, Kc turn, & 7s turn

A

for delayed cbets:
3h turn is a brick and IP maintains advantage, EV and equity stay same as flop
Kc IP EV and equity goes up, equity does too while OOP’s equity drops
7s is neutralizing polarization wise since flush comes in. EP equity goes up but EV stayas similar to flop. IP EV does not change but his equity does.

for double barrels: OOP EV goes up a lot after calling.
IP EV and equity are lower since OOP called on and OOP equity goes up on both 3h and Kc
on 7s turn, EV is worse and OOP equity bursts up too while IP equity plumments. spade turn polarizes OOP more.

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26
Q

Value bet tiers. What’s our betsize?

e.g. SB vs BB
Js3d2d X-X
8h ?

A

Check 70%
B33 9%
B75 5%
B150 16%

B33 can be suited for 8x since meets equity threshold
B75 suited to 80-84% equity
B150 QJ+ sets etc.

Can remove B75.

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27
Q

Do value hands or bluffs determine your sizing?

A

Value hands determine the sizing! Think about strength of hands with our landing equity.

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28
Q

What are the made hands tiers?

A

Tier 1: Landing Equity is huge. Finishing Equity is very high. (B150)

Tier 2: Landing Equity is very high. Finishing Equity is high. (B75)

Tier 3: Landing Equity is high. Finishing Equity is decent. (B33)

Tier 4: Landing Equity is decent. Finishing Equity is low. (Check)

29
Q

Turn size in position what sizing do we simplify to?

A

B75 or B150.

Idea is that Check is so profitable in position (we have guaranteed equity realization for at least one street) it is usually not necessary to reopen the action for a smaller bet.

30
Q

Turn size out of position what sizing do we simplify to?

A

B33 and a higher sizing (choose B75 or B150)

Check has a lower EV out of position than in position (since not guaranteed to realize equity after check) so smaller bet can often be necessary action

B33-Most turn and river spots want block bets, like probing, double delay cbetting, double delay stabbing, bet-check-bet. Not uncommon for hands even in low 60’s high 50’s equity wise to block bet OOP bc check isn’t good alternative. Most river situations where we bet small, villain is quite polarized or equally polarized.

B75 and B150- not always necessary, especially when villain is very polar. When villains range is more condensed, we will favor a larger sizing also to get more money for our value hands. Bigger you go, more money you make in EV in spots you’re not getting raised. Which one? size of nut advantage and depends on if villain polar or condensed.

31
Q

Cbetting on turn OOP do we always have B0 (check) range?

e.g. SB vs BU 3BP- turn cbet on 8s8d4c Kh

A

Yes except for some extremely favorable and rare spots where we continue to range bet (don’t really range bet turn since equities run much further apart, much less fold equity now.

e.g. SB vs BU 3BP- turn cbet on 8s8d4c Kh
can continue to range bet, K is famously great for 3bettor as they already had more Kx in range, while caller just folded a lot of Kx on flop after bet.
(Turned top pair is even better than flop)

This is exception to rule of always having check range.

32
Q

What is bet frequency governed by?

A

Favorability.

33
Q

Betting on turn, what is purpose of B33? Is it more common OOP than IP? When do we include it as option in our turn strategy?

A

B33 on turn when thin value/protection up for grabs.
More Common OOP than IP bc check is worse alternative from OOP (equity realization and open/closed action)

Include B33 as option when:
a) Turn Barrel OOP- want to block w/ some Tier 3 hands that would opt to check if IP.
b) Delayed C-bet Opportunity OOP- We have capped our range on the flop and might use mostly B33 in many of these spots. Small bets can be great bc opponent can really misplay against them.
c) High EV Turn Probe Opportunity Node- We are in a favorable situation such as a low-coordinated board and benefit from thin value and denial with our Tier 3 bets.

(don’t include B33 on turn probe opportunities involving higher/less favorable board. These spots are played with only B150 or X.

34
Q

What are bet sizing and frequency dependent on?

A

Bet sizing is dependent on Nut Advantage and Polarization.
Frequency is dependent on Range Advantage and World Favorability.

35
Q

B33 Case A- Turn Barrel OOP Example

e.g. SB vs BB-
Js3d2d B33-X
4d ?

What sizings get chosen here?

A

Check- 67%
B33- 25%
B75- 7% exclude
B150- 1% exclude

Clarke’s theorem suggest we should strongly favor a small sizing here due to the equalization of polarization between two ranges.

Don’t just think not getting enough value, idea is villain will raise with strong hands and bluffs in range when you bet small. (as long as opponent is sufficiently aggressive you’re not losing EV). You get bluff-raised more often when you go smaller sizing. EV does not only come from coolering opponent when they have flush too. Small also gets calls from hands that wouldn’t call bigger.

spot is underbluffed by pop not finding medium equity hands here. if villain is not aggressive go larger!

36
Q

B33 Case B- Delayed Cbetting OOP Example

e.g. SB vs BB
As8d4d X-X
Kh ?

What sizings get chosen here?

A

Have no Tier 2 hands at all.
Landing equity with a value betable hand is either tier 1 or tier 3

(check is not as capping in theory as it is in practice at lower stakes. humans are bad at building protected checks here. check is very weak at lower stakes, whereas theory has SB uncapped enough that it recommends overbetting this turn still.)

Check- 68%
B33- 22%
B75- 0%
B150- 8%

Two value regions drive this intuitive strategy.

value is good Ax, more nutted hands overbet and AJ+

(don’t always bet value hands here and that’s due to check-raise opportunity)

Delayed Cbet spot for OOP is favorable world so they don’t need to be picky here, especially with a small sizing)

37
Q

B33- Case C- Turn Probe on Low Connected Boards

e.g. BB vs CO
8c6h4s X-X
3d ?

What sizings get chosen here?

A

Turn probing is typically overbet or large bet at low frequency on typical runout. Most runouts better for IP when it goes X-X, this is exception though.

Danger zone is anything between 4-8 on this turn in SRP, in 3bet or 4bet pot these danger cards are higher up due to tighter ranges. This region equalizes equity and even nut advantage a bit.

Unique hands in CO range are many overcards demoted heavily, BB has more pairs from all the lower suited hands he calls here. BB has more diverse assortment of value hands with different needs and wants.

CO mostly calls here, so

Check- 45% (remember can checkraise since not urgent to bet OOP!)
B33- 29%
B75- 16%
B150- 10%
Choose either of the large sizings. Easier to get rid of B75 in practice. Remember you can’t upgrade weak value bet to larger sizing, but you can downgrade the nuts to protect smaller sizings.

Mixed polarized dual sizing strategy-
Good hands can do anything
B33 or B150 if really strong
B33 or check with thin value

38
Q

Betting on turn what is purpose of B75? Is it more common OOP than IP? When do we include it as option in our turn strategy?

A

B75 is go-to replacement for overbetting on turns that repolarize Villain’s range.
Also used for semi-capped ranges (delayed c-bet for example) in position and at SPRs where overbetting is unnecessary.

A) Delayed C-betting IP w/ a semi-capped range vs semi-uncapped range. It is not worth blocking (reopening) here since check is so good IP. We can play B75 or check in most cases. B75 or check in most cases.

B) Turn Barreling when the card is significantly repolarizing for Villain’s Range (Clarke’s Theorem). Don’t want to B150 here since you will polarize villain mostly into spots where he beats your value, so bring back down.

C) Turn Probe- Where IP is too repolarized for us to B150.

39
Q

B75- Case A- Delayed C-betting IP

e.g. BB vs BU
AsKd3c X-X
8s X-?

What sizings are chosen to be bet and why?

A

Relatively big polarization advantage despite our flop check and not worth reopening for B33.

Exploitative: Bet a lot than solver suggests because at lower stakes/ all live games BB is way too capped.

Check- 71% (remember can checkraise since not urgent to bet OOP!)
B33- 3% don’t include
B75- 13% bet
B150- 13% (choose! fold equity is huge so can do w/ air sometimes)
(don’t just have draw to bet, make sure to include trashier hands like Q or J-high. roll bluffs in for high frequency)

40
Q

B75- Case B- Turn Barrel on Polarizing Texture

e.g. BB vs BU
9s9d6c X-B33-C
4h X-?

What sizings are chosen to be bet and why?

A

Here BB is too polarized in theory for the overbet to make sense, and despite its viability the B33 can probably also go. If opponent doesn’t slowplay you can go bigger

Check- 52%
B33- 22% can go away
B75- 26%
B150- 0%

41
Q

B75- Case C- Turn Probe on Repolarizing Cards for IP

e.g. BB vs UTG
6d5c2d X-X
Ad ?

What sizings are chosen to be bet and why?

A

Not many situations where OOP wants to use B75 (main situations here are flush turns), but A repolarizes UTG range.

Here we want to build a value range around some strong but not uniquely nutted hands. When we have like set or two pair or flush, so we want to do a not huge bet with all our value. Flushes are bad to get value with larger sizes anyhow, since calling range tends to have that suit

Solver is adamant about B75 being the choice. OOP makes check-raise trapping viable too. Slowplay checks. Middle or range like 88 is not a bet here.
Check- 80%
B33- 0%
B75- 20%
B150- 0%

42
Q

On turn what is purpose of B150? When do we include it as option in our turn strategy?

A

Staple for blank turns with very big nut advantage.

B150 is the sizing we use to leverage a very big nut advantage and in particular the EV of unique Tier 1 hands.

Fallacy- “we overbet because we’re polarizing our range”. No, we have really good hands that want to bet big, causing us to have a polarized range.
Being polar is an output of the input: Villain’s range is higher equity than ours.
Betting big is an output of the input: Villain’s range is very capped/condensed compared to ours.
Output cannot cause an output. This relationship is mostly a correlation

Case A) Turn Barreling on depolarizing card (Clarke’s Theorem)

Case B) Turn Probe in unfavourable spot- NA but not RA (See lecture 1)

Case C) Delayed C-bet w/ Big Relative NA. We’re a bit capped but villain is far more capped. Usually OOP (Remember IP we’re more capped when we check flop). If not chance to check-raise, don’t check top of range.

43
Q

B150- Case A- Turn Barrel on Brick

e.g. BB vs BU
Qs9d7c X-B33-C
4c X-?

Why?

A

Here there is no limit to our nut advantage and many of our value bets are pushing extremely high equity and crave a large pot.

Check- 60% (member we can checkraise too!)
B33- 1% exclude
B75- 8% exclude
B150- 31%

44
Q

B150- Case B- Turn Probe in Highly Unfavorable World

e.g. BB vs UTG
Ad6h5h X-X
Js ?

A

Here we have little interest in betting anything other than nutted hands and some selectively chosen bluffs and so our sizing is built around that idea.

Check- 83%
B33- 0% exclude
B75- 3% exclude
B150- 14%

turn probe main pointers:
use big sizings when you bet!
don’t bluff with absolute air
do slowplay better hands
do bet some of higher ev draws with better blockers
don’t feel like you need to do much betting at all! (don’t just bet cuz they checked)

45
Q

B150- Case C- Delayed Cbet OOP w/ Nut Advantage

e.g. SB vs BB
KsJd3d X-X
4s ?

A

Both ranges are somewhat capped, but SB’s range is less capped.

has some block here. good top pair is cutoff for overbet. KQ is pretty nutted here all else be coolers like them binking set on turn etc. That’s poker but not often.

Still check most of time, still condensed range. lower bet frequency in general on turn than on flop as well.

Check- 75%
B33- 11%
B75- 2% exclude
B150- 12%

still check most of range

46
Q

How is fold equity different OOP than IP?

A

While fold equity may be lower OOP than IP, and may be higher when you have a large range advantage, node where you have a chance to bet and the node after you’ve bet are two different situations. If player A finds himself in an unfavorable worlds w/ a betting opportunity, what he should do is siphon a lot of bad hands into the check/fold bucket. Which means that the range you choose to bet with in an unfavorable world is not the same range as the one you land in that world with. Therefore just because player A was in an unfavorable world, doesn’t mean that Player B is in a favorable world after Player A bets. Situations like these can switch from unfavorable to neutral for Player A after they bet. Unfavorable world for Player A gets even worse when they checks.

47
Q

What is most common neutral spot?

A

Neutral spots, most common is spot where cbettor has barreled multiple times and the caller has been calling (neutral EV for both players generally, since the condensing means RA and the other player polarizing means NA)

Neutralization can happen when a player bets in unfavorable world, since the range they choose to bet with has to be very picky so the range they continue(bet) with turns the world from unfavorable to neutral.

48
Q

What is the pot odds norm?

A

Quantity of fold equity we would expect a bet to yield based on its size compared with that of the pot in a neutral world. Opposite to common MDF. It is otherwise referred to as the bluff breakeven percentage.

It is fold equity.

49
Q

What is the fallacy with the following statement?

“If we don’t defend X% he’ll AUTO PROFIT”

A

Implies that there aren’t favorable spots where bluffing should be profitable. Remember 0EV is same EV of folding, so if you’re on the flop just cbetting just some random JT on a low board with no straight draw vs BB, you’re going to have about 33% equity against the BB range. For BB to make hero’s bet 0EV he’d have to make it as bad as if hero just folded without seeing turn; remember that hero can improve by making a pair or even just win with jack high, and also bluff later making hero’s EV always positive in this spot at equilibrium. Trying to stop someone from autoprofiting with a bluff is a bad idea unless you’re on the river against an opponent that is either balanced in a neutral world or just overbluffing. If they are overbluffing you don’t want them to autoprofit with a bluff, since you can just defend more of your range to beat them and exploit them.

50
Q

When does solver overfold compared to MDF?

A

In places it has a range disadvantage!

It is OK to flee against mighty ranges when you are outgunned. (that’s why villain cbets more frequently w/ range advantage is because they profit in that spot naturally in excess of the pot odds norm)

51
Q

What is pot odds norm (aka bluff breakeven percentage) for B33?

A

25%

52
Q

What is pot odds norm (aka bluff breakeven percentage) for B75?

A

43%

53
Q

What is pot odds norm (aka bluff breakeven percentage) for B150?

A

60%

54
Q

What is pot odds norm (aka bluff breakeven percentage) for B400?

A

80%

55
Q

Is it a good idea to make a habit when studying solvers to check how much fold equity you have on each street and check the EV of each player to see who has world favorability advantage?

A

Yes.

56
Q

What is the River Blunder Theorem? (MEGA IMPORTANT)

A

It is a blunder to check the river in a favorable situation with very little showdown value.

If fold equity is above the pot odds norm, then bluffing is comfortably +EV.

If we have very little SDV the checking is close to 0EV.

+EV is better than 0EV, therefore you must bet.

Generally does not apply to favorable flop or turn spots bc we will have a later opportunity to bet and we may or may not delay to the next street. However, there are Extremely Favorable worlds where there is so much fold equity that we want it now (e.g. when solver range bets everything). Other way to understand why we range bet favorable situations is because the amount of money we can make by bluffcatching and playing passively is drastically reduced in an extremely favorable world since opponent won’t drive much of the action by probing turn with a wide range, in this case we do better by denying equity to worse but live hands in opponents range and seizing all fold equity by bluffing immediately than we do by slowplaying and delaying any of these actions. Remember in extremely favorable worlds, you don’t want to check since so much fold equity and profitable betting.

(look at EV of each hand in solver, e.g. no SDV look at EV of check vs EV of bet for bluffs)

57
Q

When in doubt whether a situation is favorable or unfavorable in making a bluffing decision, is it better to bluff than to not bluff?

A

If in doubt, best to bluff river. While in theory, very common to commit atrocities by not bluffing when we should, rare to be making massive mistake by bluffing in a world where bluffing is optional or even slightly a bad idea. You will always have bluffs available to you even in unfavorable worlds, and your opponent will always be folding reasonable amount of the time unless they are exploiting you. GTO opponent folds reasonable amount as they expect you to not be betting unreasonable hands in unfavorable world.

58
Q

Favorable River Spot 1: Double Delayed C-Bet

Why is this favorable?

A

Checking behind preserves range advantage and leaves the spot favorable.

Remember that turn probers (being in an unfavorable spot) need to be careful with the hands they bluff. This leaves a lot of weak hands in their range for checking multiple streets.

e.g. hero (CO) vs BB
KcTs5s X-X
Jh X-X
5h X-?
don’t completely miss point that poker is a game of two ranges, not just ours. We still have RA (even though range is capped and slightly weaker than it would be, range maintains equity by shifting towards showdown value and not air; if range shifts towards air here you are not protecting checking range well enough) and they have weakened their own range further by not betting in this unfavorable world.

59
Q

Favorable River Spot 1: Double Delayed C-Bet

e.g. hero (CO) vs BB
KcTs5s X-X
Jh X-X
5h X-?

What does hero do with?
Qd8d
Ad3d
Ah9c
4h4s

A

Qd8d is mandatory pure bluff (river blunder theorem style) fold equity is supposed to be high enough in this spot

Ad3d is also pure bet, even though you might think “SDV sure i check,” bar of how much SDV you’d need to have here is actually much higher now since favorable world that it makes checking EV low compared to high bet EV.

A9o is mixed (mostly bet though but still indifferent), means betting is better but has some SDV value in checking.

44 checks mostly w/ mini slice of bet, SDV is too high so prefers check..

60
Q

Favorable River Spot 2: Having Condensed and Been Checked to

A

Remember that calling actions condense our range in a major way.

When we call a bet and then face a check on the next street from the polarized range, we should expect the situation to be favorable.

e.g. SB vs. Hero (BB)
AhQh6s X-B33-C
9c X-X
2c X-?
hero calling condenses range on flop. villain checks means we’re in favorable world after they check since they did a B33 which contains a lot of air still, and now they are declining to bet for the second time.

61
Q

Favorable River Spot 2: Having Condensed and Been Checked to

e.g. SB vs. Hero (BB)
AhQh6s X-B33-C
9c X-X
2c X-?

What should hero do with:
7h4h
KcTc
Ks2s
3d3c

A

real answer:
7h4h i got it right! world favorability is way more important than blockers. Swing from blockers is still only around 3-4% so in favorable world this is not enough like it may be in neutral world. Still the action sequence does not really contain flush draws here since a lot of those barrel.

KcTc
even though hand beats a lot of air, this hand is mixed 55% bet %45% check. it is the threshold for checking. highest SDV you are allowed to bluff, and the lowest SDV you are allowed to check down. Fold equity through the roof is enough.

Ks2s got it right! mixed as well for same reasons.

  1. first hand to mostly check (has about 10% bet)

my try:
7h4h prob mandatory since n this favorable world even though it is not good to block flush draws since they bricked, but they have sufficient air in range to be betting this still

KcTc, prob mandatory since showdown value is still too low on a board like this.

Ks2s prob optional since pocket deuces still kinda low for SDV on this board.

33 is probably optional but bet more as well for same reason as pair of deuces.

62
Q

What are the Tiers 1-3 (value bets), 4 (check), and Tiers 5-7 (bluffs) in terms of EV and SDV?

A

Tier 1: Huge EV, Loads of SDV
Tier 2: Very High EV, Loads of SDV
Tier 3: High EV, Loads of SDV

Tier 4: Decent EV, Some to Loads of SDV

Tier 5: Medium EV, No SDV
Tier 6: Low EV, No SDV
Tier 7: Very Low, No SDV

63
Q

What worlds do Tier 5-7 get bet in Pre-River? (7 is worst EV of bluffs, 5 is best)? What are examples of these hands?

A

Tier 5 bluffs often in all worlds pre-river.
is best bluffs, creme de la creme of bluffs you fire in all worlds (bad, average, good) have enough EV and implied odds to handle deficit in fold equity, and still won’t cause us to become too low EV even if we include a lot of them. Typically FDs, OESDs, gutters to nuts, gutters w/ fd blockers to potential flush completing, and hands of this nature. Also possible to have Tier 5 hand that is really good blocker-wise

Tier 6 is going to bluff oten in favorable worlds, can bluff in neutral, and cannot bluff in unfavorable. e.g. probe turn spot with really bad gutter and 2 fds present and landscape bad for range, don’t bluff w/ that flimsy draw.

Tier 7 can bluff in favorable world, cannot bluff in neutral, and cannot bluff in unfavorable worlds. are either hands w/ absolutely nothing going on where most of your range has something, like if you have a very wet texture w/ almost anything having a straight draw and you have nothing, prob tier 7. Tier 7 on flop or turn could mean blocking the folding range?

64
Q

What worlds do Tier 5-7 get bet in on the River? (7 is worst EV of bluffs, 5 is best)? What are examples of these hands?

A

Tier 5 (great blockers) must bluff in all worlds
Tier 6 (neutral blockers) must bluff in favorable, usually bluffs in neutral world, give up.
Tier 7 (negative blockers) must bluff in favorable world, give up in neutral, give up in unfavorable.

65
Q

River Bluff Categorization:

Before the river, bluffing candidates can be tiered by looking at nut potential and blockers. What determines the best bluffs on the river?

A

Blockers.

Positive blockers (Tier 5) remove more of Villain’s calling range than his folding range.
Neutral blockers (Tier 6) remove even amounts of calling and folding combos.
Negative blockers (Tier 7) remove more combos of Villain’s folding range than his calling range.

3% fold equity from blockers adds up in the long run when choosing bluffs.

66
Q

Picking bluffs in neutral river spots example:
Triple Barrel Opportunity.

e.g. Hero (BU) vs BB
9s8d4c X-B75?
As X-B75-C
Ah X-?

What should we do with:
a) QcJc
b) Jh7h
c) Kc3c
d) Qd5d

A

a) QcJc: prohibited bluff, not a favorable world so you cannot bluff this bad blocker (Tier 7) hand. don’t bet worst hands in range unless favorable world. pretty safe bet unless board is amazing for you busted flush draws that have relevantly high cards will be giveups in triple barrel opportunity spots.
b)Jh7h not just optional it is mandatory (Tier 5). blocking JT not a huge problem since open enders will often raise at some point to this.
c)Kc3c is optional (Tier 6) since one of the cards blocks Ac3c which would be trips, and the high card flush draws have more combos than those with a 3c. Blocking the Kx flush draws is still bad though. Just not as bad as double broadway flush draw in terms of blockers. Only one of hole cards is negative blocker (broadway club), where double broadway is effectively twice as bad.
d) Qd5d very similar to Jh7h and is mandatory (Tier 5). 5 is an innocuous card that won’t block any folds

my try:
a) QcJc is prob optional since blockers are neutral, as you block flush draw part of villain’s folding range but you do block AQ/QJ combos which could call you. (I did say it was prohibited first then changed mind thinking)
b) Jh7h is probably optional (Tier 6). blocks some of the calling range like 78 or 79 combos that villain could have. but also blocks open ended straight draws like 76.
c) Kc3c is a prohibited bad bluff since blockers are negative (Tier 7), but it also has a lot of SDV so it’s better off as a check in this polar betting range.
d) Qd5d mandatory since do not block a lot of villain’s folding range.

67
Q

What is a very classic unfavorable river spot?

A

B/X/B opportunity (when hero is OOP)

e.g. Hero (SB) vs BB
Qs9s3d B33-C
4d X-X
9c

68
Q

Bluffing in Unfavorable River Spots:
B/X/B Opportunity on board that doesn’t help range from turn onwards (most classic example)

e.g. Hero (SB) vs BB
Qs9s3d B33-C
4d X-X
9c

What does hero do with following hands?
a) 8h6h
b) Jc8c
c) Kh6h
d) 7d5d

A

(particularly bad river card, since villain calls 9x

a)8h6h is mostly betting (10% check) still technically breakeven bluff. Tier 5 bluff in bad world since we block 96,98. 6h really leaves villains folding range alone, very unlikely to get here w/ 6h in hand unless he has a 9 or Q so it’s a positive blocker.
b) Jc8c not really bluffing at all (Tier 7), as villains range is filled w/ medley of OESDs and gutters that will sometimes choose to call flop instead of raise, occasionally choose to check back turn and wait until river to bluff there instead of betting immediately but which will fold to our river bet before they can bluff themselves. Don’t want to remove these from the deck, so Jc is the nail in the coffin.
c) Kh6h is optional (Tier 6), even though block some KQ we’d rather not block KT, KJ which are the OESDs and gutter calling portion of range that sticks around
d) 7d5d is verging on Tier 5 but ends up being optional since the diamonds are not as good as having 2 hearts.

Not how many bluffs are not mandatory, they are just breakeven mostly.

my try
a)8h6h blocks some 98 and even 69 in villain’s range that would call flop, and does not block flush draws. Positive blockers for bluffing (Tier 5)
b) Jc8c is positive blockers since it blocks the J9 and 89 combos of trips and also blocks QJ. Mandatory Tier 5 bluff
c) Kh6h blocks KQ and that’s it really, doesn’t block FDs though but probably can check (Tier 6)
d) 7d5d blocks backdoor flush draws and backdoor straight draws that would call flop.