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Anatomy 1 > Mouth > Flashcards

Mouth Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two main functions of the mouth?

A

motor, sensory

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2
Q

What is the sensation for pain?

A

nociception

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3
Q

What is the sensation for movement?

A

Mechanoreception

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4
Q

What is the sensation for temperature?

A

Thermorecption

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5
Q

What is the special sensation found only in the mouth?

A

gustation (taste)

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6
Q

What are the boundaries of the mouth?

A

anterior (lips), posterior (fauces, pillars), lateral (cheeks), inferior (mylohyoid, tongue), superior (palate),

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7
Q

What holds the tongue in place?

A

lingual frenulum

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8
Q

What drains the floor of the mouth?

A

lingual veins

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9
Q

What are the folds under the tongue where ducts open?

A

plica fimbriata

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10
Q

What are the jaw muscles?

A

temporalis, masseter

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11
Q

What muscle helps in lip movement?

A

Orbicularis Oris

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12
Q

What muscle is responsible for puffing the cheeks?

A

buccinator

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13
Q

What are the salivary glands and what type of secretion do they produce?

A

Biggest glands are the parotid glands which are by the ear. They produce a watery (serous) secretion.

Submandibular glands are just under the jaw. They produce a semi-watery/semi-thick (seromucinous) secretion

Sublingual glands produce a thick secretion, which is mostly mucous

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14
Q

What can mumps cause?

A

Swelling of the parotid glands

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15
Q

What is Sialolithiasis?

A

the equivalent of kidney stones in the salivary glands. It is a calculus stone typically in the submandibular gland.

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16
Q

What is the compact ball of food called?

A

Bolus

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17
Q

What border separates lips and skin?

A

vermillion border

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18
Q

What is the lateral boundary of the mouth composed of?

A

cheeks and teeth

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19
Q

What is the superior boundary of the mouth composed of?

A

soft and hard palate

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20
Q

What is the anterior boundary of the mouth composed of?

A

lips and teeth

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21
Q

What bones form the hard palate?

A

maxillae and palatine bones

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22
Q

What is the posterior boundary composed of?

A

fauces (pillars)

23
Q

What is the inferior boundary composed of?

A

mylohyoid muscle and tongue

24
Q

What are the secretions that the salivary glands produce?

A

mucous, salt & water, amylase

25
Q

What are the intrinsic glands?

A

lingual, palatoglossal, palatal, buccal

26
Q

What is the lining of the oral cavity?

A

Masticatory - para-keratinised stratified squamous, thick lamina propria (mucoperiosteum)

Gustatory - keratinised stratified squamous with filiform and fungiform-taste papillae as well as vallate papillae

Lining - non-keratinised stratified squamous, thin lamina propria, thick submucosa

27
Q

What are the main muscles of the face?

A

temporalis, buccinator, masticator

28
Q

What is the function of temporalis?

A

Elevation and retraction of mandible

29
Q

What is the nerve supply of temporalis?

A

trigeminal 5 (mandibular division)

30
Q

What is the function of the buccinator?

A

Maintains food in the middle of the oral cavity.

31
Q

What is the nerve supply of the buccinator?

A

facial nerve 7 (buccal branch)

32
Q

What common pathology may result in the buccinator not functioning, and what are the functional consequences for the patient?

A

Stroke (cerebrovascular accident). Drooling as not being able to maintain food/fluid in the middle of the oral cavity

33
Q

What stimulates saliva production?

A

lemon juice- anything acidic

34
Q

What is the risk of parotidectomy?

A

damage to the facial nerve

35
Q

Where is the duct opening of the parotid gland?

A

opposite the upper second molar

36
Q

What are the primary bones of the face?

A

Maxilla (2)
Zygomatic (2)
Mandible (1)
Nasal (2)
Platine (2)
Inferior nasal concha (2)
Lacrimal (2)
Vomer (1)

37
Q

What are the origins and endings of the masseter muscle?

A

The masseter arises from the zygomatic bone (cheekbone) and is inserted at the ramus (branches) of the mandible (jawbone).

38
Q

What is the function of the masseter?

A

Contraction of the muscle elevates the mandible, and it is particularly used in chewing food. The masseter can be felt at the side of the jaw when the teeth are clenched.

39
Q

What is the nerve supply of the masseter?

A

Mandibular division of the trigeminal 5 nerve

40
Q

How would you clinically test the integrity of the masseter?

A

Get patient to clench teeth, and feel muscle bulk and power

41
Q

What nerve passes through the parotid gland?

A

facial nerve

42
Q

Where are sublingual secretions secreted?

A

the sublingual duct on the base of the underside of the tongue

43
Q

Where is the sublingual gland?

A

under the tongue

44
Q

Where is the submandibular gland?

A

under and hooked around the mylohyoid muscle

45
Q

Where are submandibular secretions secreted?

A

Wharton’s duct which opens on the base of the underside of the tongue

46
Q

What artery and vein, supply and drain blood of most facial expression muscles?

A

facial artery, facial vein

47
Q

Where do superficial systems drain?

A

external jugular vein

48
Q

Where do deep systems drain?

A

internal jugular vein

49
Q

What are the main arteries supplying the head?

A

carotid arteries

50
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

superior longitudinal, inferior longitudinal, transverse and vertical muscles of the tongue. These muscles affect the shape and size of the tongue – for example, in tongue rolling – and have a role in facilitating speech, eating and swallowing.

51
Q

What nerve passes through the parotid gland, thus making surgery on this gland very complex?

A

facial nerve

52
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

styloglossius
hyoglossus
genioglossus

53
Q

What is the innveration of the tongue?

A

All intrinsic and extrinsic muscles are innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), except palatoglossus, which has vagal innervation (CN X).
however, palatoglossus is often considered a muscle of the palate

54
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A

temporalis, massester, medial and lateral pterygoid muscle

Anatomy 1 (18 decks)

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