Gene Expression Flashcards
Genome
The complete set of nucleotide sequences encoded in the total DNA of an organism.
Structural Gene
Sections of DNA that carry to instructions for production of a protein.
Structural Gene
Sections of DNA that carry to instructions for production of a protein.
Gene Expression
The ability of a gene to be transcribed.
Genetic Code
The code the body uses to convert the instructions contained in the DNA into the proteins essential for life.
Non-Coding DNA
The greater part of the DNA molecule that does not contain structural genes.
Regulatory Gene
A non-coding segment of DNA that produces transcription factors for gene expression.
mRNA
Messenger RNA; RNA molecule formed during transcription.
Transcription
First step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into mRNA.
Codon
Triplet of nucleotides on mRNA specifying an amino acid.
Split Gene
A gene that contains sections of non-coding DNA called exons (expressed as RNA and protein) interrupted by sections of DNA called introns.
Inrons
A non-coding section of DNA within a split gene.
Exon
A coding section of DNA within a split gene.
Trimming
Removal of non-coding sections at the beginning and end of mRNA.
Capping
The addition of methyl-Guanine at the start of the trimmed mRNA.