Sedimentary Rocks Flashcards
What is sedimentary rock?
Rocks that are formed from the particles of sediments.
What are the sets of the formation of a sedimentary rock?
Weathering
Transportation/Erosion
Deposition
Lithification
What is weathering in the process of forming a sedimentary rock?
Weathering- breaks down rocks physically, chemically and biologically
What is Transportation/erosion in the process of forming a sedimentary rock?
Transportation/Erosion- Carries away particles produced by weathering via water, glaciers and wind
What is deposition in the process of forming a sedimentary rock?
Deposition- Particles settle out layers accumulate
What is Lithification in the process of forming a sedimentary rock?
Lithification- Compaction and cementation of particles to form rocks
What is Physical weathering?
Changes in temperature, freezing and thawing, and the effects of wind, rain and waves.
What is chemical weathering?
Chemical
Rainwater is naturally slightly acidic becausecarbon dioxidefrom the air dissolves in it.
Minerals in rocks may react with the rainwater, causing the rock to be weathered.
What is Biological weathering?
Biological
Examples include:
Burrowing animals such as rabbits
Roots of trees growing and breaking up rocks
What are clastic sedimentary rocks?
Clasticsedimentary rocks are classified on the size of theirclasts (particles)
What are non-clastic sedimentary rocks?
No clasts are present
What are the two main types of non-clastic rock?
Inorganic – rocks from chemicals
Organic – rocks from living things
What are Organic non-clastic rocks?
Sedimentary rocks formed from the remains of plants and animals that live in oceans
What are inorganic non-clastic rocks?
Some sedimentary rocks formed when water evaporates from a substance.
What are strata?
Sedimentary rocks usually form in horizontal layers called strata.
