B4.1/B4.2 - Blood and Blood vessels

Question 1

plasma includes

Answer 1

-white blood cells
-red blood cells
-platelets

Question 2

plasma definition

Answer 2

yellow liquid that transports blood cells/substances around your body

Question 3

how urea is transported around the body

Answer 3

-urea = formed by the breakdown of excess proteins
-from liver to kidneys
-keaves body through urine

Question 4

how soluble products from digestion is transported around the body

Answer 4

-from small intestine
-to individual cells

Question 5

how co2 is transported around the body

Answer 5

-wasted co2 produced by cells
-is removed through the lungs

Question 6

red blood cells

Answer 6

-transports oxygen to cells

Question 7

adaptations of red blood cells

Answer 7

-biconcave shape
-haemoglobin
-no nucleus

Question 8

biconcave shape in red blood cells purpose

Answer 8

-increases SA:V ratio for diffusion

Question 9

haemoglobin purpose

Answer 9

• red pigment
• binds to oxygen to allow for transportation

Question 10

no nucleus in red blood cells purpose

Answer 10

-more space for haemoglobin

Question 11

white blood cells

Answer 11

-has a nucleus
-forms body’s defence system against pathogens

Question 12

Types of white blood cells

Answer 12

-lymphocytes
-phagocytes
-some which form antitoxins to fight antigens

Question 13

lymphocytes

Answer 13

-form antibodies against pathogens

Question 14

phagocytes

Answer 14

engulf + digest pathogen

Question 15

Platelets

Answer 15

-small fragment of cell
-no nucleus
-forms blood clot at site of wound

Question 16

blood clotting

Answer 16

-series of enzyme controlled reactions
-converts fibrinogen to fibrin

Question 17

process of blood clotting

Answer 17

-produces a network of protein fibres
=capturing more platelets to form jelly-like clot
-clot dries = scab

Question 18

purpsose of blood clots/scabs

Answer 18

-prevents you from bleeding to death
-prevents bacteria from entering
-protects new skin as it grows

Question 19

Arteries

Answer 19

-carry blood away from heart to organs
-carry oxygenated blood
-thick walls = muscle and elasticity for high pressured blood
-

Question 20

How is a pulse felt

Answer 20

-by the artery walls stretching
-and returning to original shape

Question 21

Veins

Answer 21

-carry blood to your heart from organs
-carry deoxygenated blood
-thinner walls
-have valves to prevent backflow
-blood pushed by skeletal muscles

Question 22

capillaries

Answer 22

-form a huge network of tiny vessels linking arteries/veins
-narrow + thin
-allow substances from blood to diffuse in/out of cells

Question 23

Double circulation

Answer 23

-1 transport system carry blood from heart to lungs = exchanges gas
-2nd transport system carry blood from heart to organs

Question 23

Double circulation

Answer 23

-1 transport system carry blood from heart to lungs = exchanges gas
-2nd transport system carry blood from heart to organs