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Chem 119 > Female Reproduction > Flashcards

Female Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

what produces a plug to seal off during pregnancy

A

the cervix

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2
Q

what does the infundibulum do

A

surround the ovary to “catch” the egg

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3
Q

where is the site of fertilization

A

the oviduct(in the AIJ)

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4
Q

AIJ

A

ampullary-isthmic junction
site of fertilization
narrow to control the level of sperm that gets through and keep the egg from getting too far

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5
Q

How many days does it take the corpus luteum to form

A

7 days

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6
Q

what mammal does not have uterine horns

A

Humans

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7
Q

What hormone gets uterus ready for mating and egg implantation

A

estrogen

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8
Q

what hormone does the CL produce

A

progesterone

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9
Q

what does progesterone do

A

gets ready for egg
stops production of all other hormones

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10
Q

where is sperm deposited during natural reproduction

A

the vagina

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11
Q

where is sperm deposited during AI

A

the cervix

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12
Q

what animal demonstrates winking during estrus

A

equine

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13
Q

what is winking

A

contraction of vulva

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14
Q

what does oxytocin do

A

causes smooth muscle contractions

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15
Q

plasma strings

A

mucus produced by estrogen that help sperm through(like a slip n slide)

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16
Q

benefits of low ph in vagina

A

stops bacteria(large problem in horses)

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17
Q

T/F the cervix is tightly closed except during estrus

A

True

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18
Q

what animals have a “door” over their cervix

A

sheep and goats

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19
Q

where are crypts found

A

in the cervix

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20
Q

what is the purpose of crypts

A

trap sperm to prevent too many from getting through

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21
Q

which animal has a reverse corkscrew shaped vagina

A

swine

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22
Q

functions of uterus

A

-transport sperm
-muscle contractions
-sperm motility
-absorption and phagocytosis
-prepares sperm for fertilization
-provide environment for embryo

23
Q

uterine secretions

A

uterine milk

24
Q

zona pellucida

A

egg shell

25
Q

leukocytes

A

an immune response caused when too many sperm get through

26
Q

interferon tau

A

produced by fertilized egg to tell body that egg is ready to implant and to stop production of prostaglandin

27
Q

prostaglandin

A

causes the CL to die

28
Q

inhibin

A

tells anterior pituitary that the signal was received and to stop releasing eggs

29
Q

oviduct

A

tube that connects ovary to uterus

30
Q

3 regions of oviduct

A

-infundibulum(surrounds ovary)
-ampulla(transports oocyte)
-isthmus(transports sperm)

31
Q

ovary 2 amin regions

A

cortex(outer region)
medulla(inner region)
Both on all except horses

32
Q

cortex

A

produces female gamete(ovum or oocyte
produces hormones

33
Q

medulla

A

support tissue, blood vessels, and immune cells

34
Q

tunica albuginea

A

connective tissue that surrounds both the testes and the ovary

35
Q

follicle

A

blister like structure on the ovary

36
Q

liquor folliculi

A

liquid in follicle that is high in estrogen

37
Q

when are follicles present in females ovaries

A

during estrus

38
Q

graafian follicle

A

mature follicle

39
Q

atretic follicle

A

dying follicle( can leave a scar)

40
Q

cystic follicle

A

follicle of any other type(CL, Graafian, Atretic) that doesn’t go away

41
Q

how to remove cystic follicles

A

increase progesterone

42
Q

luteal cells

A

turn into corpus luteum

43
Q

T/F there is only one CL produced per cycle regardless of the eggs released

A

False. there is one CL per egg released

44
Q

Follicle stimulating hormone

A

causes follicle growth

45
Q

yellow body

A

another name for CL

46
Q

function of corpus luteum(CL)

A

produce progesterone
block myometrial contractions

47
Q

Luteinizing hormone

A

makes CL grow to mature the graafian follicle and make it pop

48
Q

how long does it take from the start of ovulation for the CL to form

A

7 days

49
Q

lifecycle of follicle

A

PRIMARY FOLLICLE starts as many, but only a couple survive to become TERTIARY FOLLICLES, then of those only one survives and becomes the GRAFFIAN FOLLICLE, which then becomes the corpus luteum

50
Q

what produces melatonin

A

pineal gland

51
Q

gonadotropin releasing hormone

A

signals for the release of sperm and eggs

52
Q

why does the graafian follicle rupture

A

to release a reproductive cell to begin the fertilization process

53
Q

pathway of hormones

A

hypothalamus to GNRH to anterior pituitary to FSH and LH to testes and eggs

54
Q

what is prostaglandin secreted by

A

uterine endometrium

Chem 119 (6 decks)

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