Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

121 > Module 2D (Pt2) > Flashcards

Module 2D (Pt2) Flashcards

1
Q

How can 1 system using the same neurotransmitter have opposite effects at different parts of the body

A
  • Receptors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two main receptors in the SNS

A
  • Alpha
    Beta
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Explain alpha (a) receptors

A
  • On Smooth muscle cells of organs and blood vessels around organs
    • NE binds to a receptors: this causes constriction
    • Less blood flow occurs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Explain Beta(B) receptors

A
  • On Heart and blood vessels around lungs and muscle
    • NE binds to B receptors: relax
    • More blood flow occurs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In addition to the a and B receptors what does the pre ganglionic neurons release and onto what

A

Release ACh onto the adrenal glands(located just above the kidneys)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the adrenal medulla release and where (also what do these neurotransmitters do)

A

a) Releases epinephrine and NE into the blood stream
b) These neurotransmitters go to heart lungs and muscles to boost the effects of the sympathetic nervous system
- Same effects just slower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Can the PNS use ach to mediate different effects

A
  • Yes it can
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Two main receptors in the PNS

A

-Muscarinic (mAChR)
-Nicotinic (nAChR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Muscarinic receptors (mAChR)

A

M1-M5
- Metabotropic G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs)
- Alter Ca, K and intracellular signalling (eg cAMP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nicotinic receptors (nAChR

A
  • Ionotropic ligand-gated ion channels
    • Increase na, K and Ca permeability into the cell depending on type of nAChR
    • A lot of old insecticide are nAChR inhibitors
      • This causes muscles to go into paralysis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are cranial nerves

A
  • Go from the brain almost to the effector organ (most PNS nerves don’t pass through the spinal cord but exceptions are sacral nerves that innervate bladder, sex organs and rectum)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do some cranial nerves also carry Even though its part of the parasympathetic nervous system

A
  • Voluntary motor fibers (moving your eyes)
    • Sensory fibers (taste to and from the brain)
    • Some cranial nerves carry both
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How many cranial nerves are there and what about them do we need to know

A
  • 12
    • We need to know name, function, and is it sensory motor or both
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cranial nerve 1

A
  • Olfactory
    • Scents from nose to brain
    • sensory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cranial nerve 2

A
  • Optic
    • Vision from eye to brain
    • Sensory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cranial nerve 3

A
  • Oculomotor
    • 4/6 muscles that move the eyes
    • Motor
17
Q

Cranial nerve 4

A
  • Trochlear
    • Moves eyes down (a single muscle it controls)
    • Motor
18
Q

Cranial nerve 5

A
  • Trigeminal
    • Face and jaw (Sense anything on your face and jaw/ Also sends info from brain to jaw to make movements)
    • Both motor and sensory
19
Q

Cranial nerve 6

A
  • Abducens
    • Moves eyes side to side
    • Motor
20
Q

Cranial nerve 7

A
  • Facial
    • Muscles for facial expression (Senses and sends information to your brain/ Relays info from brain to face to coordinate facial expressions
    • both motor and sensory
21
Q

Cranial nerve 8

A
  • Auditory
    • Info from cochlea to brain
      Sensory
22
Q

Cranial nerve 9

A
  • Glossopharyngeal
    • Tongue and pharynx
      Both sensory and motor
23
Q

Cranial nerve 10

A
  • Vagus
    • Sends info to heart entire digestive tract, lungs, pancreas, spleen, bladder/ Also sends info from all of these organs for a homeopathic response
    • Both motor and sensory
24
Q

Cranial nerve 11

A
  • Spinoaccessory
    • Head and shoulder movement
    • Motor
25
Q

Cranial nerve 12

A
  • Hypoglossal
    • Swallowing reflex and speech
      Motor
26
Q

What is the solitary tract nucleus

A
  • The cranial nerves 5, 7, 9, 10 nerves relay visceral sensory info from the face and abdomen through their afferent fibers to the solitary tract nucleus
27
Q

What happens if the solitary tract nucleus is injured

A
  • If it gets damaged then 4 of these nerves would not be working properly
    - Unable to receive information from face, pharynx/ mouth….
28
Q

What is the vagus nerve

A
  • Innervated the heart, lungs, stomach, intestine to and from the brain
29
Q

What do both the SNS and PNS branches of the autonomic system working to achieve

A

Homeostasis

30
Q

Do the SNS and PNS function at the same time

A

Always functioning at some level all the time

31
Q

Are the SNS and PNS functionally antagonist

A

Yes

121 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions