27.1 Amines Flashcards
what is an amine?
organic compound derived from ammonia with a carbon chain
what is an aliphatic amine?
a nitrogen atom attatched to at least one carbon chain
what is an aromatic amine?
a nitrogen atom attached to a benzene ring
what is a tertiary amine?
a nitrogen atom attached to 3 R groups
what is a secondary amine?
a nitrogen atom attached to 2 R groups
what is a primary amine?
a nitrogen atom attached to 1 R groups
what is the condition for the suffix of an amine to be -amino?
the amine group must be on carbon 1
if the amine group is not on carbon 1, how is it named?
using the prefix -amino
if the nitrogen in the amine group is attached to more than one groups of atoms how is it named?
N-substituted derivative
name this amine
N-ethyl N-methyl propylamine
how do amines act as bases?
they have a lone pair of electrons which accept a proton and form a dative covalent bond
how do amines act as bases?
they accept a proton to form a salt
how are primary amines formed?
the lone pair of electrons on ammonia act as a nucleophile to produce an ammonium salt
the salt then reacts with alkali to generate the primary amine
amine + acid
salt
propylamine + HCl
what is produced in the reduction of nitrobenzene?
phenylamine
2 moles of water
