VT

Question 1

Explain the pathophysiology of VT

Answer 1

Pacemaker cells exist in the atria and ventricles but the cells in the ventricles overpower the atria.

VT can cause VF and so requires urgent treatment

Question 2

What are the clinical features of VT?

Answer 2

When the heart beats too fast, it may not pump enough blood to the rest of the body. So the organs and tissues may not get enough oxygen. Signs and symptoms that occur during an episode of ventricular tachycardia are due to a lack of oxygen and may include:

Chest pain (angina)
Dizziness
Pounding heartbeat (palpitations)
Lightheadedness
Shortness of breath

Question 3

VT on an ECG

Answer 3

Question 4

Features of VT

Answer 4

Broad-complex tachycardia >0.12s, regular, uniform QRS complex

Question 5

Management of VT (stable)

Answer 5

1st line: Amiodarone 300mg IV over 10-60minutes

2nd line: DC Cardioversion shock up to 3 times

Question 6

Management of VT (unstable)

Answer 6

Synchronised DC shock up to 3 times

Question 7

What are the life-threatening features?

Answer 7

Shock
Syncope
Myocardial ischaemia
Severe heart failure