Renal System Drug Class Function

Question 1

Anticholinergics (Antimuscarinics)

Answer 1

Treats urinary incontinence
Antimuscarinic works by inhibiting acetylcholine in the nerves that control involuntary bladder movements
Side effects include urine retention, dry mouth, and drowsiness
Should be used with caution in older adults

Question 2

Beta-3 Adrenergic Agonist

Answer 2

Treats urinary incontinence
Works by relaxing detrusor muscles during urine storages

Question 3

Alpha-Blockers

Answer 3

Treats benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
Daxazosin and Terazosin are also used for hypertension
Relaxes urethral sphincter which enhances urinary outflow from the bladder
Side effects include orthostatic hypotension (drop in blood pressure)

Question 4

5-Alpha-Reductase Inhibitors

Answer 4

Treats BPH
Inhibits conversion of testosterone into its active form reducing prostate size

Question 5

Loop Diuretics

Answer 5

Adjunct therapy for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Inhibits reabsorption of sodium, chloride, and water in ascending loop of Henle.

Question 6

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Answer 6

Adjunct therapy for CKD
Indirectly inhibits aldosterone activity (eplerenone/spironolactone)

Question 7

Thiazide/Thiazide-Related Diuretics

Answer 7

Adjunct therapy for CKD

Question 8

Erythropoietin-Stimulating Agents

Answer 8

Treats anemia

Question 9

Oral and Parenteral Iron Supplements

Answer 9

Treats iron-deficiency anemia

Question 10

B Vitamins

Answer 10

Treats folate-deficiency anemia

Question 11

Phosphate Binders

Answer 11

Helps treat CKD
Sevelamer decreases serum phosphate

Question 12

Calcimimetics

Answer 12

Treats hyperparathyroidism
Mimics calcium

Question 13

Immunosuppressants

Answer 13

Suppresses body’s immune system and normally used in organ transplants to prevent organ rejection

Question 14

Antibiotics

Answer 14

Treats urinary tract infections (UTI)
Involves single dose of antibiotic or 3 to 14 day regimen

Question 15

Urinary Analgesics

Answer 15

Treats UTI