[Ex4] - C44 - AP

Question 1

44-1. Acne vulgaris involves inflammation of the:

a. hair follicles.
b. sebaceous follicles.
c. eccrine glands.
d. apocrine glands.

Answer 1

ANS: B

Acne is a disorder of the pilosebaceous units, known as sebaceous follicles. Acne is not
associated with inflammation of hair follicles, eccrine glands, or apocrine glands.

Question 2

44-2. A 4 month old brought to his primary care provider for severe itching and skin lesions is
diagnosed with atopic dermatitis. Which of the following would be elevated in this patient?

a. Immunoglobulin D (IgD)
b. Immunoglobulin M (IgM)
c. Immunoglobulin E (IgE)
d. Immunoglobulin G (IgG)

Answer 2

ANS: C

Most individuals affected with atopic dermatitis show an increased serum IgE level.
Neither IgD, IgM, nor IgG would be elevated.

Question 3

44-3. A 4 month old is diagnosed with atopic dermatitis (AD). Which assessment finding will most
likely support this diagnosis?

a. Blistering
b. Moist reddened skin
c. Dry, itchy skin
d. White patches

Answer 3

ANS: C

AD has a constellation of clinical features that include dry, sensitive, itchy, and easily irritated
skin because the barrier function of the skin is impaired. Blistering, moist skin is not
associated with AD. White patches are characteristic of other disorders, such as measles.

Question 4

44-4. A 14 year old presents with severe acne. Which of the following promotes acne development?

a. Androgens
b. Estrogens
c. Gonadotropins
d. Glucocorticoids

Answer 4

ANS: A

Androgens, not estrogens, increase the size and productivity of the sebaceous glands and
promote Propionibacterium acnes. Neither gonadotropins nor glucocorticoids increase the
size and productivity of the sebaceous glands and promote P. acnes.

Question 5

44-5. Bullous impetigo is caused by a strain of:

a. Staphylococcus aureus.
b. Molluscum contagiosum.
c. Escherichia coli.
d. Candida albicans.

Answer 5

ANS: A

Staphylococcus aureus, not molluscum contagiosum, is currently the most common overall
cause of impetigo. The most common overall cause of impetigo is not associated with E. coli
or C. albicans.

Question 6

44-6. A 2 month old develops diaper dermatitis. A nurse will monitor this patient for which
secondary infection?

a. Streptococcus
b. Proteus
c. C. albicans
d. S. aureus

Answer 6

ANS: C

Diaper dermatitis is secondarily infected with C. albicans, not Streptococcus, Proteus, or S.
aureus.

Question 7

44-7. A 10 year old presents with vesicles consistent with vesicular impetigo. What is the most
likely cause of the condition?

a. Herpes virus
b. C. albicans
c. S. pyogenes
d. Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Answer 7

ANS: C

Vesicular impetigo is caused by S. pyogenes. Vesicular impetigo is not caused by herpes, C.
albicans, or HPV.

Question 8

44-8. A 3 year old develops tinea capitis after playing with the family dog. This infection is caused
by a:

a. fungus.
b. bacterium.
c. virus.
d. parasite.

Answer 8

ANS: A

Tinea capitis is caused by a fungus, not bacteria, a virus, or a parasite.

Question 9

44-9. A 5 year old is diagnosed with tinea corporis following development of lesions on the
nonhairy parts of the face, trunk, and limbs. What is a common source of this condition?

a. Kitten
b. Pet bird
c. Hamster
d. Horse

Answer 9

ANS: A

Tinea corporis is usually attributed to contact with young dogs and cats, not birds, hamsters,
or horses.

Question 10

44-10. The nurse would correctly identify the medical term for ringworm as:

a. impetigo.
b. tinea corporis.
c. thrush.
d. psoriasis.

Answer 10

ANS: B

Ringworm is also known as tinea corporis. Ringworm is not impetigo, thrush, or psoriasis.

Question 11

44-11. A 4 month old develops oral white spots and shallow ulcers. The pediatrician diagnoses thrush
which is caused by:

a. E. coli.
b. Streptococcal bacteria.
c. C. albicans.
d. Staphylococcal bacteria.

Answer 11

ANS: C

Thrush is caused by C. albicans. Thrush is not caused by E coli, strep, or staph.

Question 12

44-12. A 6-year-old child presents with slightly umbilicated, dome-shaped lesions on the skin of the
trunk, face, and extremities. The child is diagnosed with molluscum contagiosum caused by a
highly contagious:

a. bacterium.
b. virus.
c. fungus.
d. parasite.

Answer 12

ANS: B

Molluscum contagiosum is caused by a virus. Molluscum contagiosum is not caused by a
bacterium, a fungus, or a parasite.

Question 13

44-13. Molluscum contagiosum affects the skin and:

a. nails.
b. tongue.
c. conjunctiva.
d. hair follicles.

Answer 13

ANS: C

Molluscum contagiosum affects the skin and conjunctiva. Molluscum contagiosum does not
affect the nails, the tongue, or the hair.

Question 14

44-14. The nurse would be correct in identifying the duration of rubella as:

a. 12 hours.
b. 1–3 days.
c. 7 days.
d. 12–15 days.

Answer 14

ANS: B

Rubella has a duration of 1–3 days.

Question 15

44-15. Rubella, rubeola, and roseola are common communicable diseases caused by _____ infection.

a. viral
b. bacterial
c. yeast
d. fungal

Answer 15

ANS: A

Rubella, rubeola, and roseola are all caused by a virus, not bacteria, yeast, or a fungus.

Question 16

44-16. A 5-year-old develops chickenpox after exposure at a day care center. This disease is caused
by:

a. a pox virus.
b. a herpes virus.
c. an adenovirus.
d. human papillomavirus (HPV).

Answer 16

ANS: B

Chickenpox is caused by a herpes virus. Chickenpox is not caused by a pox virus, adenovirus,
or HPV.

Question 17

44-17. The nurse would correctly identify the etiologic agent of smallpox as:

a. a bacterium.
b. a virus.
c. insects.
d. mites.

Answer 17

ANS: B

The etiologic agent of smallpox is a virus, not bacteria, insects, or mites.

Question 18

44-18. The nurse would expect the occurrence of scabies to occur more commonly among children
who:

a. attend day care.
b. live in unsanitary conditions.
c. reside in rural areas.
d. play outside.

Answer 18

ANS: B

Scabies does occur in day care centers, but it occurs more commonly in unsanitary conditions.
Scabies is not associated directly with rural areas or outdoor play areas.