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AP Human Geography > unit 3.3 > Flashcards

unit 3.3 Flashcards

1
Q

the notion that every action a person takes, whether good or bad, has a consequence in the future.

A

karma

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2
Q

the Proto-Indo-European language diffused from modern day Ukraine through conquest

A

Kurgan Hypothesis

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3
Q

The method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.

A

Language

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4
Q

A collection of languages related by a common ancestor that existed several thousand years ago, derived from the same family.

A

Language Branch

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5
Q

A Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.

A

Language Group

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6
Q

A language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages.

A

Lingua Franca

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7
Q

A language that is written as well as spoken.

A

Literary Tradition

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8
Q

Also known as popular Buddhism, is allows people more ways to reach enlightenment and boddhisatvas can help you reach enlightenment.

A

Mahayana

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9
Q

the language family that encompasses most of the languages within China and several countries in SE

A

Mandarin (Chinese)

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10
Q

Anything that can physically be seen on the landscape.

A

material culture

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11
Q

City in western Arabia; birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad, and ritual center of the Islamic religion.

A

Mecca

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12
Q

he central, enduring elements of a culture expressing its values and beliefs, including language, religion, folklore, and etc

A

Mentifact

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13
Q

An individual who helps to diffuse a universalizing religion.

A

Missionary

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14
Q

The messenger of God. Branches of Islam

A

Mohammed

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15
Q

one language is spoken

A

monolingual

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16
Q

The acquisition of two languages that use different speech sounds, vocabularies, and grammatical rules.

A

bilingual

17
Q

the ability to speak multiple language

A

multilingual

18
Q

the belief that there is only one god or divine bein

A

Monotheism

19
Q

Concept proposed by Julian Steward which explains the common characteristics of widely separated cultures developed under similar ecological circumstances

A

Multilinear Evolution

20
Q

a hypothesized family of languages ancestral to several of the established language families of Eurasia and northern Africa

A

Nostratic Hypothesis

21
Q

The language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents

A

Official language

22
Q

A method of representing the sounds of a language by written or printed symbols

A

orthography

23
Q

The word for a follower of a polytheistic religion in ancient times;

A

pagan

24
Q

the sounds used in spoken language

A

Phoneme

25
Q

language often emerges when two or more languages coexist in a small geographic area.

A

pidgin

26
Q

voluntary travel by an adherent to a sacred site to pay respects or participate in a ritual at the site

A

Pilgrimage

27
Q

knowing or using several languages.

A

polygot

28
Q

characterized by belief in multiple gods, usually that are responsible for different areas of the universe and of human experience

A

Polytheistic Religion

29
Q

Culture that is not tied to a specific location but rather a general location based on widespread diffusion

A

popular culture

30
Q

The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives\

A

Possibilism

31
Q

A branch of the Christian faith resulting from the Reformation initiated in the 16th century by Martin Luther.

A

Protestant

32
Q

language ancestral to several daughter languages

A

Protolanguage

33
Q

the idea that after this life you will come back in another life either as a plant, animal, or a human life.

A

reincarnation

34
Q

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny.

A

religion

AP Human Geography (16 decks)

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