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Yr 10-11 Physics > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is speed

A

the distance traveled per unit time( speed = distance/time)

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2
Q

what is acceleration

A

when the speed is changing(Change in velocity over time)

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3
Q

what is velocity

A

speed in a given direction

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4
Q

what is mass

A

the amount of matter in an object

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5
Q

what is weight

A

it is a gravitational force measured in newtons

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6
Q

how do you calculate weight

A

mass x gravitational field strength

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7
Q

what will the effect be in the same object on different planets

A

mass will be the same but weight will be different

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8
Q

what is density

A

mass/unit volume

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9
Q

how do you find the density of a liquid

A

by measuring the mass of a measuring cylinder, adding the liquid and measuring the mass again
The mass of the liquid can then be found along with density

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10
Q

how to find the density of irregular shaped object

A

by placing it in water and measuring the volume before and after

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11
Q

what is the density of water

A

1 g/cm^3

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12
Q

what happens if the density of the object is greater or less than the density of water

A

if greater, it will sink
if lesser, it will float

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13
Q

What is newtons first law

A

states that an object has constant velocity unless acted on by a resultant force

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14
Q

what is newtons second law

A

force x mass = acceleration (f=ma)

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15
Q

what is newtons third law

A

every action force has an equal and opposite reaction

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16
Q

what is terminal velocity

A

the maximum velocity reached in free fall

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17
Q

how does terminal velocity get reached

A

as objects accelerate , air resistance increases
This causes resultant force downwards to decrease
acceleration starts to decrease
there is then equal and opposite reaction so there is no resultant force
terminal velocity is reached

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18
Q

What is friction

A

the force between two surfaces which impedes motion and results in heating

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19
Q

features of an object moving in a circle

A

speed is constant but direction is always changing
means velocity is always changing
it is therefore accelerating and there must be a force perpendicular to its velocity towards the centre of the circle

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20
Q

what is elastic deformation

A

the object returns to its original shape when the load has been removed

21
Q

what is plastic deformation

A

object does not return to original shape

22
Q

what is hookes law

A

Force = spring constant x spring extension (force = kx)

23
Q

what is the limit of proportioanality

A

where the force extension graph stops being linear
from then on the spring doesnt obey hookes law and leads to plastic deformation

24
Q

what is the moment of a force

A

the measure of its turning effect
moment of a force = force x perpendicular distance

25
Q

in terms of turning effect, what is the pivot point

A

the point which the object can rotate about

26
Q

what happens if the force is applied in the same lines of the pivot(Turning effects)

A

the object will remain stationary

27
Q

what is the principle of moments

A

when the sum of clockwise moments equals the sum of anti clockwise moments

28
Q

what is the centre of mass

A

the point which all mass can be considered to act

29
Q

what happens if the centre of mass is below the point of suspension of an object

A

it will be in stable equilibrium
example: hanging plant pot

30
Q

what happens if the centre of mass is higher than the point of the suspension

A

it will be in unstable equilibrium

31
Q

what is a vector

A

force with magnitude and direction

32
Q

what is a scalar quantity

A

force with just magnitude

33
Q

what is momentum

A

mass x velocity

34
Q

what is impulse

A

force x time
also change in momentum

35
Q

what is the principle of conservation of momentum

A

the total momentum before is equal to the total momentum afterwards

36
Q

what is an inelastic collision and formula

A

when kinetic energy is lost
initial momentum (first object) + initial momentum (2nd object) = (1st mass + 2nd mass) final velocity of both objects

37
Q

what is an elastic collision and formula

A

when kinetic energy is the same before and after
initial momentum (1st object) + initial momentum (2nd object) = final momentum (1st object) + final momentum (2nd object)

38
Q

what is kinetic energy

A

1/2 mv^2

39
Q

what is gravitational potential energy

A

mgh(mass x gravity x height)

40
Q

how is gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy related

A

kinetic energy = gravitational potential energy

41
Q

what is work

A

when a force moves something through a distance
work done is equal to energy transferred
(force x distance)

42
Q

what is power

A

the rate at which energy is transferred or rate at which work is done
power = energy transferred/time

43
Q

what is efficiency

A

the ratio of useful work done to the total energy supplied
efficiency = useful energy output/total energy input

44
Q

what is renewable energy

A

energy which can be replenished as quickly as its used
examples: wind, geothermal, tidal, solar ,water waves

45
Q

which energy sources do not require the sun as the original source

A

geothermal, nuclear and tidal

46
Q

why is non renewable energy used

A

has large energy output and usually cheaper

47
Q

what is pressure

A

force/area
measures in pascals

48
Q

how to calculate liquid pressure

A

density x gravity x height

Yr 10-11 Physics (7 decks)

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