BIO 160 Chapter 4

Question 1

light microscope

Answer 1

visible light is projected through the specimen

Question 2

magnification

Answer 2

an increase in the object’s image size compared with its actual size

Question 3

cell theory

Answer 3

states that all living things are composed of cells and that all cells come from other cells

Question 4

electron microscope

Answer 4

uses a beam of electrons to resolve objects 100x better resolution than light microscope

Question 5

plasma membrane

Answer 5

regulates the traffic of molecules between the cell and its surroundings

Question 6

cytosol

Answer 6

thick jelly like fluid in cells

Question 7

chromosomes

Answer 7

carrying genes of DNA

Question 8

ribosomes

Answer 8

build proteins according to the instructions of the genes

Question 9

organelles

Answer 9

membrane enclosed structures that perform specific functions

Question 10

Nucleoid

Answer 10

Prokaryotic cell’s region for DNA storage

Question 10

nucleus

Answer 10

organelle that houses eukaryotic cells’ DNA and is surrounded by a double membrane

Question 11

Cytoplasm

Answer 11

Interior of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Question 12

Phospholipids

Answer 12

Have two fatty acid tails and phosphate group

Question 13

extracellular matrix

Answer 13

a stick coat layer that holds cells together in tissues

Question 14

cell junctions

Answer 14

structures that connect cells together into tissues

Question 15

nuclear envelope

Answer 15

double membrane that separates the nucleus from cytoplasm

Question 16

chromatin

Answer 16

DNA molecules and associated protein formed fibers

Question 17

nucleolus

Answer 17

site where components of ribosomes are made

Question 18

ribosomes

Answer 18

responsible for protein synthesis

Question 19

endomembrane system

Answer 19

nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and vacuoles

Question 20

endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 20

manufacturing facility in cell

Question 21

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 21

receives, refines, stores and distributes chemical products of the cell

Question 22

lysosomes

Answer 22

membrane enclosed sac of digestive enzymes in animal cells

Question 23

vacuoles

Answer 23

large sacs of membrane that bud ER, Golgi apparatus, or plasma membrane

Question 24

chloroplasts

Answer 24

organelles that perform photosythesis

Question 25

mitochondria

Answer 25

organelles of cellular respiration in all cells

Question 26

flagella

Answer 26

tail

Question 27

cillia

Answer 27

oars on a cell