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ENT > Esophagus > Flashcards

Esophagus Flashcards

1
Q

Acute esophagitis symptoms

A

Dysphagia
Retrosternal burning
Hematemesis

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2
Q

Dx of acute esophagitis

A

X rays
Esophagoscopy

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3
Q

Causes of perforation of esophagus

A

Instrumental trauma
Spontaneous rupture

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4
Q

What is Boerhaave syndrome?

A

Postemetic rupture ofall the layers of esophagus

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5
Q

Dx of perforation of esophagus

A

Pain and fever dysphagia surgical emphysema
Cervical rupture
Thoracic rupture has hamman sign and pneumothorax

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6
Q

Hamman sign means?

A

Crunching sound over the heart

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7
Q

Dx of Perforation is by

A

X rays

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8
Q

Perforation tx

A

Stop oral intake
Ivf and antibiotics
Drainage

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9
Q

________ are more destructive and penetrate deep into the layers of esophagus

A

Alkalis

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10
Q

_______ can cause fatal mediastinis and peritonitis

A

Lye burns

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11
Q

Pathology of corrosive burns

A

Necrosis
Granulations
Strictures

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12
Q

Common complaint of patients with esophageal stricture?

A

Dysphagia first to solids and then to liquids

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13
Q

Tx of stricture

A

Prograde dilatation with bougies
Gastrostomy
Excision if stricture

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14
Q

What is hiatal hernia and its types

A

Displacement of stomach into chest through diaphragm
Sliding hernia (hematemesis)
Paraesophageal hernia (dyspnea on exertion)

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15
Q

What is globus pharyngeus and its treatment?

A

Psychogenic lump in the throat
Give reassurance

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16
Q

Hyper motility disorders of esophagus include

A

Cricopharyngeal spasm
Diffuse esophageal spasm
Nut cracker esophagus

17
Q

Hypomotility disorders of esophagus

A

Cardiac achalasia (Heller operation)
GERD
Scleroderma (cutaneous lesions)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

18
Q

What is Schatzki ring?

A

Ring at the junction of squamous and columnar epithelium of lower end of the esophagus

19
Q

Disturbance in lubrication is

A

Mikulicz disease

20
Q

Dysphagia lusoria

A

Vascular rings

21
Q

If dysphagia is sudden in onset?

A

Foreign body
Malignancy
Neurological disorders
Stricture

22
Q

If dysphagia is progressive

A

Malignancy

23
Q

If dysphagia is intermittent

A

Spasm due to organic lesions

24
Q

If dysphagia is more to liquid

A

Paralytic lesion (cardiac achalasia)

25
Q

If dysphagia is more to solids progressing to liquids

A

Malignancy or stricture

26
Q

If there is intolerance to acid food or fruit juices

A

Ulcerative lesions

27
Q

If there is regurgitation and heart burn

A

Hiatus hernia

28
Q

If there is regurgitation of food while lying down with cough at night

A

Hypopharyngeal diverticulum

29
Q

If there is hx of aspiration in lungs or into nose

A

Laryngeal paralysis or palatal paralysis

30
Q

Most common cancer of esophagus

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

ENT (12 decks)

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