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anatomy > development of the head, neck, face > Flashcards

development of the head, neck, face Flashcards

1
Q

what are the names of the arches
I
II
III

A

I mandibular arch
II hyoid arch
III

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2
Q

what are the components of each arch

A

artery
cartilage
cranial n.

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3
Q

arch I
____ prominence
nerve
muscle
skeletal structures
_____ prominence
nerve
muscle
skeletal structures

A

I Mandibular Arch
Maxillary Prominence
nerve: trigeminal n. (cr.n. V)
muscle: none
skeletal structures: maxilla, zygomatic arch, parts of temporal

Mandibular Prominence
nerve: trigeminal n. (cr.n. V)
muscle: mm of mastication
skeletal structures: mandible

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4
Q

arch II
nerve
muscle
skeletal structures

A

II Hyoid Arch
nerve: facial n. (cr.n. VII)
muscle: mm of facial expression
skeletal structures: most of hyoid apparatus

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5
Q

arch III
nerve
muscle
skeletal structures

A

arch III
nerve: glossopharyngeal n. (cr.n. IX)
muscle: pharyngeal mm.
skeletal structures: rest of hyoid apparatus

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6
Q

arch IV & VI
nerve
muscle
skeletal structures

A

arch IV & VI
nerve: vagus n. (cr.n. X)
muscle: laryngeal mm.
skeletal structures: laryngeal cartilages

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7
Q

what does the neural crest give rise to and where does it develop?

A

neural crest cells migrate to pharyngeal arches to become bones of the face, ganglia of cranial nerves, parts of teeth, and connective tissue of the head (mm. of mastication)

forms lateral to the developing CNS

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8
Q

what tissue layer is the pharyngeal pouches comprised of

A

endoderm

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9
Q

what tissue layer is the pharyngeal grooves comprised of

A

ectoderm

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10
Q

what does pharyngeal pouch 1 turn into

A

auditory tube

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11
Q

what does pharyngeal pouch 3 turn into

A

external parathyroid gland & thymic stroma

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12
Q

what does pharyngeal pouch 4 turn into

A

internal parathyroid gland

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13
Q

what does pharyngeal pouch 5/6 turn into

A

parafollicular cells of thyroid

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14
Q

what do pharyngeal grooves 1 turn into

A

external ear canal

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15
Q

what do pharyngeal grooves 2,3,4 turn into

A

cervical sinus
(should disappear and if it doesn’t can result in cervical cysts)

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16
Q

describe the steps of the development of the face

A
  1. frontonasal prominence joins the maxillary prominence
  2. nasal placode splits into lateral and medial nasal prominences
  3. medial nasal prominences combine & form midline seem “philtrum”
  4. medial nasal prominence joins the maxillary prominence
  5. lateral nasal prominence joins the maxillary prominence
  6. fused/expanding medial nasal prominences “intermaxillary segment” grows inward into stomodeum (mouth) to form the median palatine process –> primary palate
  7. maxillary prominence becomes lateral palatine processes
17
Q

what does the frontonasal prominence become

A

forehead and dorsum of nose

18
Q

cheiloschisis

A

“cleft lip”
failure of the medial nasal prominences to fuse or the failure of the medial nasal prominence and maxillary prominence to fuse

19
Q
A

Failure of the lateral nasal prominence and the maxillary prominence to join

20
Q
A

Failure of the medial nasal prominences to join

21
Q
A

Nasolacrimal duct stenosis or absence

22
Q

how does the nasolacrimal duct form

A

begins as the nasolacrimal groove which then thickens into solid cord, sinks into mesenchyme and cannulates to become the nasolacrimal duct

23
Q

what does the median palatine process turn into

A

palatine processes of the incisive bone
vomer bone
most of the nasal septum

24
Q

what does the lateral palatine processes turn into

A

most of the hard palate
all of soft palate

25
Q

failure of the lateral palatine processes to meet with the median palatine process results in what?

A

palatoschisis

26
Q
A

Palatoschisis

27
Q

nasal cavity
nasal septum mostly from ______
floor from _____
separated from pharynx by _____ which become ______

A

median palatine process
lateral palatine process
oronasal membrane
choanae

28
Q

what does the maxillary prominence become

A

maxilla

29
Q

what does the lateral nasal prominence become

A

lateral side of nostril

30
Q

what does the medial nasal prominence become

A

philtrum and median palatine process –> nasal septum, vomer bone and palatine process of incisive bone

31
Q

what does the mandibular prominence become

A

mandible

32
Q
A

Auricular Hillocks due to 1st pharyngeal groove

anatomy (16 decks)

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