TERM 3 Unit 5 - Repression & non-violent resistance to apartheid (p166 - 173)

Question 1

Explain Black Sash

Answer 1

Organization of white women protesting against apartheid

Question 2

Explain what Petitions are

Answer 2

Written documents signed by lots of people demanding something from government

Question 3

Explain what Civil disobedience is

Answer 3

Not obeying laws

Question 4

Explain what boycot is

Answer 4

Stop using / buying certain services or products

Question 5

Explain what Passive Resistance is

Answer 5

Non-violent protest with the aim of being arrested

Question 6

Explain what a State of Emergency is

Answer 6

Police are given extra powers (example: to raid a house without a search warrant)

Question 7

What is a curfew?

Answer 7

A time during the night when blacks had to be off the streets, otherwise they would get arrested

Question 8

What ultimatum did the Joint Committee give the government in 1952?

Answer 8

To get rid of UNJUST laws, or there will be a DEFIANCE CAMPAIGN

Question 9

Name the FIRST event of the ANC’s Defiance Campaign

Answer 9

The 300-year old anniversary of Jan van Riebeeck
(6 April 1952)

Question 10

Name the leader of the Defiance Campaign which started on 26 June 1952

Answer 10

Nelson Mandela was the “volunteer-in-chief”

Question 11

What was the AIM of the Defiance Campaign?

Answer 11

• deliberately break apartheid laws with the aim to be
  arrested
• they wanted to FILL the jails
• their aim was to make the world know that
  APARTHEID LAWS were unacceptable

Question 12

What was the policy of passive resistance that was adopted by Nelson Mandela?

Answer 12

NON-VIOLENT protests with the aim to be arrested and FILL the jails

Question 13

Was the policy of passive resistance successful?

Answer 13

Yes - 8,400 arrests had been made.
ANC membership increased to 100,000

Question 14

How did the government react to the passive resistance when the jails were filled and the ANC membership increased?

Answer 14

• BANNING 42 ANC leaders under
• NEW LAWS passed in order for the government to
  declare a State of Emergency
• Albert Luthuli was banned as ANC president

Question 15

Which points in THE FREEDOM CHARTER affects you as a learner?

Answer 15

• Freedom of speech, religion and movement
• No child labour
• Education must be free & compulsory

Question 16

Which points in THE FREEDOM CHARTER have to do with money?

Answer 16

• equal pay for equal work
• land and banks belong to all

Question 17

Which points of THE FREEDOM CHARTER have to do with democracy?

Answer 17

• Over 18’s should vote
• The people shall govern

Question 18

Which points of THE FREEDOM CHARTER has to do with freedom?

Answer 18

Freedom of SPEECH, RELIGION AND MOVEMENT

Question 19

Why did some people DISAGREE with The Freedom Charter?

Answer 19

Africanists - they did not want other races to be part
of South Africa

Question 20

Why did Nelson Mandela disguise himself as a milkman at the Congress of the People?

Answer 20

He was banned, it was illegal for him to attend the meeting

Question 21

How do you know that women made sacrifices to be at the UNION BUILDING in Pretoria on 9 August 1956?

Answer 21

Some women sold their FURNITURE to pay for the cost of TRAVELLING to Pretoria

Question 22

Why should 9 AUGUST be a special day each year in South AFRICA?

Answer 22

Remind the future generations of their sacrifices made in their protest against passes

Question 23

Who were Helen Joseph’s enemies and why did they want to kill her?

Answer 23

ENEMY: Government officials

WHY: She was anti-government’s apartheid policies