Burns Flashcards
What is the pathophysiology of burns and the different types
- A burn occurs as a result of excess heat effecting the body
- when the body cannot dissipate the heat then it causes burns
What are the immediate complications of a burn
- the depth of burns can increase over the first 48 hours
- hypovolaemia from fluid loss
- increased fluid requirements
What are the long term complications of a burn
- infection
- scarring
Describe the Jackson Burn Wound Model
- Hyperaemia
- Stasis
- Coagulation
Explain the Wallace rule of nines
- Head 9%
- Torso 18% front and 18% back
- Arm 9% each
- Leg 18% each
- Groin 1%
What is the burns calculation formula for adults?
> 15 years with TBSA > 15%
% TBSA x weight (kg) = vol (ml)
administer over 2 hours since time of burn
What is the burns calculation for paeds 12-15?
12 - 15 yo with TBSA >10%
3 x TBSA % x weight (kg) = vol (ml)
Give over 24 hours from time of burn
Administer half of the volume in the first 8 hours
Recite the Burns CPG
How do you assess for airway burns?
- facial and upper airway oedema
- sooty sputum
- burns to upper torse, neck and face
- burns that occured in an enclosed space
- singed facial hair
- Respiratory distress +/- wheeze and associated tachycardia, stridor
- Hypoxia (restlessness, irritability, cyanosis, decreased GCS)
What is the epidermis and what is it made up of?
- the epidermis is the outermost layer of skin
- it is made up of two different types of cells - squamous and basal cells
What is the dermis and what does it contain?
- the layer of skin below the epidermis
- it contains blood and lymphatic vessels, sebaceous and sweat glands - which are responsible for maintaining the moisture and temperature of the skin
How do you assess the severity of a burn injury?
- the depth
- the cause of the burn
- the TBSA %
- the location of the burn
- the age of the patient
- patients underlying health
- other injuries
What are the three different types of burns?
- superficial
- partial thickness (superficial, mid, deep dermal)
- full thickness
What are the three different types of burns?
- superficial
- partial thickness (superficial, mid, deep dermal)
- full thickness
Describe the zone of stasis
- partial thickness
- tissue directly surrounding the burn that is hypo perfused. This may be salvageable with appropriate treatment