Paeds cardio other Flashcards

1
Q

What are the benign murmurs heard in children

A

Still’s murmur
Venous hum
Pulmonary flow murmur

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2
Q

What are the 6 S of innocent murmurs in children

A

Soft
Systolic
Short
Sounds (S1/S2)
Symptomless
Standing/sitting (varies with position)

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3
Q

Describe still’s murmur

A

Most common
Commonly in school-aged children
Low pitched sound on the lower left sternal edge

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4
Q

Describe a venous hum

A

Continuous blowing sound heard below BOTH clavicles
Due to turbulent blood flow in the great veins above the heart
Abolished by pressing the ipsilateral jugular or lying down

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5
Q

Describe pulmonary flow murmurs

A

Upper left sternal border
Common in older children/teens

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6
Q

Name the condition for each of these risk factors:
Alcohol exposure in utero
Congenital rubella
Down’s syndrome
Maternal diabetes
In-utero lithium exposure
Turner’s syndrome
DiGeorge syndrome

A

Alcohol exposure in utero - VSD, ASD, PDA, ToF
Congenital rubella - PDA
Down’s syndrome - AVSD, VSD, ASD
Maternal diabetes - TGA, VSD
In-utero lithium exposure - Ebstein’s
Turner’s syndrome - Bicuspid aortic valve, Coarctation of the aorta
DiGeorge syndrome - Truncus arteriosus, ToF

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7
Q

Name the condition for the following murmurs:
No murmur (loud S2 + prominent RV impulse)
Harsh ejection systolic murmur
Ejection systolic murmur (LUSB) + prominent apical impulse
Pansystolic murmur + mid-diastolic murmur
Pansystolic murmur
Ejection systolic murmur (fixed wide S2 split)
Ejection systolic (heard at the back) + radio-femoral delay
Machinery gun continuous

A

No murmur (loud S2 + prominent RV impulse): TGA
Harsh ejection systolic murmur: ToF
Ejection systolic murmur (LUSB) + prominent apical impulse: Tricuspid atresia
Pansystolic murmur + mid-diastolic murmur: Ebstein’s anomaly
Pansystolic murmur: VSD
Ejection systolic murmur (fixed wide S2 split): ASD
Ejection systolic (heard at the back) + radio-femoral delay: CoA
Machinery gun continuous: PDA

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