Phylum Annelids

Question 1

Phylum Annelida where there is a true _

Answer 1

Coelom

Question 2

what is eucoelom lined with

Answer 2

peritoneum, of mesodermal origin

Question 3

what are 4 eucoelom advantages

Answer 3

1) eucoelom with peritoneum allows for segmentation (compartmentalization of body)
2) individual segments can move independently greatly increasing efficiency of burrowing and other movements
3) mesenteries (which is extension of peritoneum)
4) peristalsis (muscles surround the gut)

Question 4

what do annelids and nematodes have in common (5 answers)

Answer 4

bilateral symmetry and internal cephalization
complete digestive tract
parasites
no resp system
restricted to wet or moist environments

Question 5

how do annelids and nematodes differ (muscles and excretory system)

Answer 5

nematodes have muscular pharynx, and no muscles in the intestine (gut), and longitudinal muscles in the body wall
annelids have circular and longitudinal muscles in body wall and digestive system
nematodes excretory system is diffusion
annelids excretory system is nephridium (kidney like)

Question 6

what are chloragogen cells

Answer 6

modified peritoneum covering digestive system
convert waste products of protein metabolism into ammonia and urea
also synthesize glycogen and fat from excess calories

Question 7

What did chloragogen cells evolve into?

Answer 7

liver

Question 8

What type of circulatory system do annelids have

Answer 8

closed

Question 9

what is difference between open and closed circulatory system

Answer 9

open it goes from pump to ostium to valve to artery to hemocoel
closed it goes from pump to valve to artery to capillaries to veins

Question 10

what are aortic arches

Answer 10

hearts

Question 11

explain annelid circulation

Answer 11

some have aortic arches which regulate blood pressure
peristaltic pumping is done by muscular dorsal vessel
respiratory pigment (hemoglobin) is present in blood of annelids

Question 12

what type of respiratory system do annelids have

Answer 12

diffusion (marine have gills)

Question 13

explain nervous system of annelids

Answer 13

ventral nerve cord connected to a dorsally located cerebral ganglia
each segment has a pair of ganglia

Question 14

Class oligochaeta

Answer 14

(few setae)-earthworms

Question 15

class polychaeta

Answer 15

(many setae)-marine annelids

Question 16

Class Hirudinea

Answer 16

leeches

Question 17

digestive system of Oligochaeta

Answer 17

mouth>pharynx>esophagus>crop-storage>gizzard-grinding>intesting-enzymes

Question 18

What does Oligochaeta intestine contain and what is it surrounded by

Answer 18

contain typhlosole
surrounded by chloragogen cells

Question 19

Are oligochaetes monoecies or dioecies

Answer 19

monoecies

Question 20

what is ecological niche of earthworms, and how are they important ecologically

Answer 20

detritivores: enormously important in Recyling of nutrients

Question 21

class polychaeta are often known as

Answer 21

tube worms

Question 22

class polychaeta- some are _, some filter feeders in marine ecosystem

Answer 22

predators

Question 23

what is pronounced in polychaeta

Answer 23

external cephalization

Question 24

what is setae

Answer 24

bristles

Question 25

what are two polychaeta characteristics

Answer 25

parapodia- fleshy extensions of each segment
relatively many setae are present

Question 26

what is parapodia

Answer 26

fleshy extension of each segment

Question 27

what is polychaeta repro?

Answer 27

dioexious with no permanent sexual organs

Question 28

what type of development is polychaeta

Answer 28

indirect

Question 29

Direct development def

Answer 29

form of newly born offspring resembles the parents

Question 30

indirect development def

Answer 30

newly born offspring takes a different form compared to the parent

Question 31

what type of predators are class Hirudinea

Answer 31

freshwater that are ectoparasites of vertebrates

Question 32

what type of segmentation is present in Hirudinea

Answer 32

segmented externally, no setae

Question 33

what two types of suckers do leeches have (where)

Answer 33

anterior and posterior

Question 34

Hirudinea characteristic (5)

Answer 34

no setae
no septa, no internal segmentation
coelom is modified
circulatory system is modified
digestive system modified