TERM 4 - UNIT 3 Food resources

Question 1

What is food security?

Answer 1

All people have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food

Question 2

Name 3 concepts on which FOOD SECURITY is built

Answer 2

> food AVAILIBILITY
ACCESS to food and having enough resources
how to USE the food

Question 3

Government has introduced feeding schemes in schools. It aims to foster better quality education.
What is the AIM of the feeding schemes?

Answer 3

• stop short-term hunger
• providing an incentive for kids to go to school
• enhancing children’s learning capacity

Question 4

What do small scale farmers need to ensure sustainable food production?

Answer 4

water
seeds
soil

Question 5

Name 3 countries in Africa where the state of hunger is very HIGH

Answer 5

+ Democratic Republic of CONGO
+ Somalia
+ Ethiopia
+ Chad

Question 6

South American country with worst HUNGER index

Answer 6

Bolivia

Question 7

What is the hunger index for South Africa?

Answer 7

Moderate

Question 8

Which province in SA has the least proportion of hungry households

Answer 8

Limpopo

Question 9

Give examples of SUSTAINABLE FARMING techniques

Answer 9

• rotational grazing
• crop rotation
• natural pest predators

(all of these techniques helps with the balance between plant and animal)

Question 10

What is the GENETIC MODIFICATION (GM) of crops?

Answer 10

Crops being helped through science so humans can benefit from the best of the production (EXAMPLE: farmer breed from the BEST bull in the herd or FIRMEST tomato used to bred)

Question 11

What is GENETIC ENGINEERING?

Answer 11

Using modern DNA technology - introducing foreign of synthetic genes into a plant/animal

Question 12

Name a few ADVANTAGES of genetic engineering

Answer 12

• need less fertiliser & water
• faster growth
• better flavour
• more resistant to plant disease

Question 13

Name a few DISADVANTAGES of genetic engineering

Answer 13

• irreversible genetic effects
• lower nutrition
• fresh seeds are expensive
• harmful poisons in food
• create resistant weeds

Question 14

Why can GM technologies alone not ensure food security?

Answer 14

Economy, politics and farming methods plays a big part

Question 15

What is salmonella?

Answer 15

food poisoning, causing diarrhoea, vomiting & cramps

Question 16

What is HIGH STOCKING DENSITY?

Answer 16

lots of animals or birds are kept in a SMALL area

Question 17

What is factory farming?

Answer 17

Process of having livestock (chickens / cattle) in a small area

Question 18

Name a few DISADVANTAGES of FACTORY FARMING

Answer 18

• animals not treated well
• overcrowding leads to diseases
• chemicals and antibiotics used
• not normal lifestyles
• develop new antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria
  (including salmonella) = this affects the health of
  farm workers and consumers eating the food

Question 19

Name a few ADVANTAGES of FACTORY FARMING

Answer 19

• population’s DEMANDS fulfilled
• inexpensive production of meat
• more “meaty” animal flesh

Question 20

What is MONOCULTURE?

Answer 20

Growing ONE crop year after year

Question 21

Sustainable farming uses appropriate technologies and farming techniques. Name a few common sustainable farming techniques

Answer 21

Crop rotation = move crops on the same land
Cover crops = planted when land is not being used or
between rows of crops
Soil enrichment = adding natural fertilizers (manure)
Natural pest predators

Question 22

Sustainable farming must have specific factors. Name a few.

Answer 22

• Satisfy food needs
• profitable
• improve quality of life for farmers
• best use of non-renewable resources

Question 23

What is sustainable farming NOT?

Answer 23

• use of chemical fertilisers & pesticides
• monoculture farming
• over-grazing
• making profits without caring for the future
• wasting scare resources (water)
• farming without caring for the environment