Living Environment - Definitions and Biodiversity Flashcards

1
Q

Habitat

A

The place where an organism lives

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2
Q

Community

A

All the plants, animals and microorganisms within an area (habitat)

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3
Q

Population

A

A number of organisms of one species living in an ecosystem

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4
Q

Ecosystem

A

A biological unit made up of all the living organisms (community) within an area and the non-living environment with which they interact (habitat)

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5
Q

Biodiversity

A

The variety that exists among living things

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6
Q

Species

A

A group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

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7
Q

Biotic

give examples

A

Living feature of an ecosystem; such as food supply, disease, predation

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8
Q

Abiotic

give examples

A

A non-living feature of an ecosystem; such as light intensity, precipitation, temperature, wind speed, wind direction

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9
Q

Adaptation

A

Any feature that makes an organism well suited to living in its environment

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10
Q

Competition

A

A negative interaction that occurs between organisms whenever there is demand for a limited resource

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11
Q

Types of ecosystems

A
  • terrestrial
  • aquatic - freshwater and marine
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12
Q

Why is biodiversity important to humans?

A

Provides us with resources including:
- food
- medicines
- raw materials for making clothes and buildings

Natural processes:
- nutrient cycling
- soil regeneration
- water purification
- climate regulation
- pollination

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13
Q

Niche

A

The role an organism plays within its community or ecosystem

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14
Q

Types of adaptation

A
  • behavioural
  • structural
  • physiological
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15
Q

Cold climate adaptations

A

Arctic poppies:
- grows close to ground
- has small leaves
This helps to conserve water and avoid damage by wind

Polar bear:
- white fur for camouflage when hunting prey
- thick layers of fat and fur for insulation
- large furry feet to distribute load, prevent frostbite and grip on ice

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16
Q

Hot climate adaptations

A

Cactus:
- stems that store water
- thick waxy cuticle to reflect heat and reduce water loss
- spines instead of leaves to reduce water loss and protect them from being eaten

Camel:
- large flat feet to spread their weight across the sand to avoid sinking
- tolerate body temperatures up to 42 degrees celsius without sweating to help conserve water
- slit like nostrils and long eyelashes to keep out sand

17
Q

Look over aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems

A

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